1864 – An order to establish a military burial ground was signed by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. The location (Robert E Lee’s home) later became known as Arlington National Cemetery.
763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that will be used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history
0778 – Willibald, Abbot of Heidenheim, dictates his pilgrimage to the Holy Land fifty years before, to nun Hugburc, who records this and biographies of Willibald and his brother – the first known English woman writer
0923 – Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed and King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy.
1094 – Valencia falls to El Cid after a siege of 9 months by an army of 7,000 men, most of them Muslims
1184 – King Magnus V of Norway is killed at the battle of Fimreite.
1215 – “King John of England (1167-1216) signs the Magna Carta at Runnymede, a 63-part document of human rights that became the foundation of the English legal system
1219 – Dannebrog – oldest national flag in the world – and flag of Denmark. According to legend, fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse (now Tallinn) in Estonia, and turned the Danes’ luck
1381 – The English peasant revolt was crushed in London.
1381 – Wat Tyler, leader of English Peasants’ Revolt, beheaded in London
1389 – Ottoman Turks crushed Serbia in the Battle of Kosovo.
1567 – Republic of Genoa expels Jews from its whole territory
1580 – Phillip II of Spain declares William I of Orange an outlaw and places a bounty on his head of 25,000 crowns
1607 – Colonists in North America completed James Fort in Jamestown, VA.
1667 – Jean-Baptiste Denys administered the first fully-documented human blood transfusion. He successfully transfused the blood of a sheep to a 15-year old boy.
1752 – Benjamin Franklin proves that lightning is electricity.
1775 – George Washington was appointed head of the Continental Army by the Second Continental Congress.
1776 – Delaware Separation Day – Delaware votes to suspend government under the British Crown and separate officially from Pennsylvania.
1785 – Jean-Franois Piltre de Rozier, co-pilot of the first-ever manned flight (1783), and his companion, Pierre Romain, become the first-ever casualties of an air crash when their hot air balloon explodes during their attempt to cross the English Channel.
1804 – Twelfth Amendment to the US Constitution, establishing the procedure for electing the President and Vice President, ratified in Congress
1826 – Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II abolishes the elite Janissary corps executing thousands for treason to make way for a more modern army
1836 – Arkansas became the 25th U.S. state.
1844 – Charles Goodyear was granted a patent for the process that strengthens rubber.
1846 – The Oregon Treaty establishes the 49th parallel as the border between the United States and Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
1859 – Pig War: Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the “”Northwestern Boundary Dispute”” between U.S. and British/Canadian settlers
1864 – An order to establish a military burial ground was signed by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. The location (Robert E Lee’s home) later became known as Arlington National Cemetery. https://www.history.com/news/arlington-national-cemetery-robert-e-lee-estate
1877 – Henry Ossian Flipper becomes 1st African American to graduate from West Point Military Academy
1898 – The U.S. House of representatives approved the annexation of Hawaii.
1907 – Researcher George Soper publishes the results of his investigation into recent typhoid outbreaks in the New York area and announces that Mary Mallon [Typhoid Mary] is the likely source of the outbreak
1911 – The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Co. was incorporated in the state of New York. The company was later renamed International Business Machines (IBM) Corp.
1916 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signed a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America.
1917 – Great Britain pledged the release of all the Irish captured during the Easter Rebellion of 1916.
1920 – African American circus workers, Elias Clayton, Elmer Jackson and Isaac McGhie are taken from jail and lynched by a white mob of thousands in Duluth, Minnesota
1924 – Ford Motor Company manufactures its 10 millionth automobile
1934 – The U.S.’s Great Smoky Mountains National Park is founded.
1940 – The French fortress of Verdun was captured by Germans.
1944 – American forces began their successful invasion of Saipan during World War II.
1947 – The All-Indian Congress accepted a British plan for the partition of India.
1948 – Soviet authorities announced that the Autobahn would be closed indefinitely “for repairs.”
1956 – The Eisenhower administration stages the first annual “”Operation Alert”” (OPAL) exercise, an attempt to assess the USA’s preparations for a nuclear attack
1958 – Greece severed military ties to Turkey because of the Cypress issue.
1959 – Galapagos Islands are made Ecuador’s first national park, banning the capture of species
1964 – The last French troops left Algeria.
1969 – The Campaign for Social Justice publish a second edition of ‘Northern Ireland The Plain Truth’ which set out the allegations of discrimination against Catholics by Unionists in the region
1977 – Spain holds the first free elections since 1936, The transition to democracy followed nearly four decades of right-wing dictatorship under Francisco Franco. Adolfo Suárez became Spain’s first democratically elected Prime Minister.
1978 – King Hussein of Jordan married 26-year-old American Lisa Halaby, who became Queen Noor.
1981 – The U.S. agreed to provide Pakistan with $3 billion in military and economic aid from October 1982 to October 1987.
1982 – Riots occur in Argentina after the country is defeated in the Falklands Island War
1982 – Supreme Court rules all children, regardless of citizenship, are entitled to a public education
1983 – The U.S. Supreme Court reinforced its position on abortion by striking down state and local restriction on abortions.
1985 – Rembrandt’s painting Dana is attacked by a man later judged insane; he threw sulfuric acid on the canvas and cut it twice with his knife.
1986 – Pravda, the Communist Party newspaper, reported that the chief engineer of the Chernobyl nuclear plant was dismissed for mishandling the incident at the plant.
1992 – It was ruled by the U.S. Supreme Court that the government could kidnap criminal suspects from foreign countries for prosecution.
1992 – U.S. Vice President Dan Quayle instructed a student to spell “potato” with an “e” on the end during a spelling bee. He had relied on a faulty flash card that had been written by the student’s teacher.
1994 – Israel and the Vatican established full diplomatic relations.
1996 – In Manchester, UK, a terrorist bomb injures over 200 people and devastates a large part of the city centre.
1999 – South Korean naval forces sank a North Korean torpedo boat during an exchange in the disputed Yellow Sea.
2006 – Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument (Papahānaumokuākea) established, at 582,578 square miles one of the largest marine conservation areas in the world
2015 – 800 year anniversary of “the birthplace of modern democracy”, the signing of the Magna Carta by King John at Runymede, England
2015 – Remains of a 2,000 year old women dubbed “the sleeping beauty” are announced discovered in Northern Ethiopia from ancient kingdom of Aksum
2017 – Scotland Yard launches criminal inquiry and British Prime Minister Theresa May announces a public inquiry a day after the Grenfell Tower fire
2020 – In landmark decision US Supreme Court rules 6-3 that gay and transgender workers cannot be discriminated against in the workplace
2021 – North Korean leader Kim Jong Un warns of possible food shortages and COVID-19 restrictions while addressing national conference
2021 – US death toll from COVID-19 tops 600,000 (Johns Hopkins), with 65% of adults vaccinated with at least one dose
2022 – Black Death, the 14th century plague, originated in Kyrgyzstan, according to new DNA research taken from burials at Lake Issyk Kul
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
