1991 – Race riots break out in the Crown Heights area of New York city, The violent race riots broke out between African-American and Orthodox Jewish residents of Crown Heights after 2 children were accidentally run down by the motorcade of Menachem Mendel Schneerson, a leader of the Orthodox Jews. This resulted in a 3-day long riot that ended in the death of 2 men and several injuries.
0043BC – Octavian, later known as Augustus, compels the senate to elect him Consul.
1099 – Crusaders beat Saracens in Battle of Ascalon
1263 – King James I of Argon censors Hebrew writings
1274 – Edward I is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey after returning from the Ninth Crusade
1399 – King Richard II of England surrenders to his cousin Henry
1561 – 18-year-old Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland, after spending 13 years in France
1692 – Salem witch trials: In Salem, Massachusetts, Province of Massachusetts Bay five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft
1745 – Jacobite Rising, Prince Charles Edward Stuart lands from a French warship in Glenfinnan, raises his standard and marches on London – the start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion known as “the 45”
1772 – King Gustav III seizes effective control of Swedish government and restores full power of monarchy, which had been subordinate to parliament since 1720
1787 – W Herschel discovers Enceladus, a moon of Saturn
1793 – Yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia, then the US capital has its 1st fatality. Lasts till November killing around 5,000 people
1812 – “Old Ironsides” (the USS Constitution) won a battle against the British frigate Guerriere east of Nova Scotia.
1818 – CAPT James Biddle takes possession of Oregon Territory for U.S.
1839 – Louis Daguerre’s daguerreotype photographic process with complete working instructions is published “free to the world” in Paris as a gift to the world from the French government
1848 – California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).
1856 – Gail Borden received a patent for his process of condensing milk by vacuum.
1862 – Indian Wars: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily-defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way
1895 – American frontier murderer and outlaw, John Wesley Hardin, is killed by an off-duty policeman in a saloon in El Paso, Texas
1905 – Russian Tsar Nicholas II installs “Imperial Duma”, without legislative powers
1909 – The first car race to be run on brick occurred at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
1914 – German army executes 150 Belgians by firing squad
1917 – Sunday benefit baseball game at NYC’s Polo Grounds results in John McGraw & Christy Mathewson’s arrest for violating Blue laws
1919 – Afghanistan gained independence from Britain, The Central Asian country came under British control in 1859, The country was considered to be a buffer for the British trade in opium and as a frontier to protect their interests in India.
1934 – Adolf Hitler was approved for sole executive power in Germany as Fuehrer.
1936 – Trial against Ljev Kamenev & Grigori Zinovjev because of “Trotskyism” opens in Moscow
1942 – About 6,000 Canadian and British soldiers launched a raid against the Germans at Dieppe, France. They suffered about 50 percent casualties.
1944 – World War II: Liberation of Paris – Paris rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.
1950 – ABC begins Saturday morning kid shows (Animal Clinic and Acrobat Ranch)
1953 – Cold War: The CIA helps to overthrow the government of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1958 – NAACP Youth Council begin sit-in at “whites-only” lunch counter at Katz Drug Store in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
1960 – American CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers convicted of spying by USSR (U-2 incident); sentence to 3 years in prison plus 7 in a labor camp, he served 17 months before being exchanged for a captured Soviet KGB spy
1960 – Sputnik program: Sputnik 5 – The Soviet Union launches the satellite with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants.
1965 – Japanese prime minister Eisaku Sato becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit Okinawa.
1966 – Beatles pelted with rotten fruit and firecrackers during concert at Mid-South Coliseum, Memphis, Tennessee; Ku Klux Klan demonstrated outside the show and burned records
1974 – During an anti-American protest in Nicosia, Cyprus, U.S. Ambassador Rodger P. Davies was fatally wounded by a bullet while in the American embassy.
1978 – A fire at the Rex Cinema in Abadan, Iran, kills over 400 people, The incident which is considered to be a run-up to the Iranian Revolution occurred during the screening of The Deers, a film by Iranian director Masoud Kimiai. It is thought that 4 extremists locked the gates of the theater and set it on fire. Many people at the time believed that the fire was started by SAVAK, the Iranian intelligence agency.
1981 – 2 VF-41 aircraft from USS Nimitz shoot down 2 Libyan aircraft which fired on them over international waters
1985 – Following the Rubicon speech four days earlier, Archbishop Desmond Tutu snubs P. W. Botha’s invitation to attend a meeting to discuss the role and actions of the police and security forces in South Africa
1987 – Hungerford Massacre: In the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with an assault rifle and then commits suicide
1988 – Iran-Iraq begin a cease-fire in their 8-year-old war (11 PM EDT)
1991 – Race riots break out in the Crown Heights area of New York city, The violent race riots broke out between African-American and Orthodox Jewish residents of Crown Heights after 2 children were accidentally run down by the motorcade of Menachem Mendel Schneerson, a leader of the Orthodox Jews. This resulted in a 3-day long riot that ended in the death of 2 men and several injuries.
1991 – Collapse of the Soviet Union, August Coup: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev placed under house arrest while on holiday in the town of Foros, Crimea.
1993 – George Tiller, abortion doctor, shot in his arms by Rachelle Shannon
1995 – After 5 days Shannon Faulkner quits as 1st woman at the Citadel
1998 – South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission chairperson, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, releases documents revealing an alleged plot by Western countries to assassinate UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld of Sweden
1998 – The first piece of the 351 foot bronze statue of Christopher Columbus arrived in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
1999 – In Belgrade, thousands of Serbs attended a rally to demand the resignation of Yugoslavia’s President Slobodan Milosevic.
2003 – A car-bomb attack on United Nations headquarters in Iraq kills the agency’s top envoy Sergio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees.
2003 – A Hamas planned suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem kills 23 Israelis, 7 of them children in the Jerusalem bus 2 massacre.
2005 – The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called Peace Mission 2005 begins.
2009 – A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others
2010 – In Iraq, the last American combat brigage exited more than seven after the U.S.-led invasion began.
2014 – NASA satellites take photos showing that the eastern basin of the Aral Sea had for the first time completely dried up
2016 – A federal judge ordered Hillary Clinton to answer questions from the watchdog group Judicial Watch in writing about her use of a private email server while she was secretary of state.
2018 – Rudy Giuliani, US President Donald Trump’s lawyer claims in interview with NBC Chuck Todd that “truth isn’t truth”
2019 – Sudanese Ex-President Omar al-Bashir admits he has received $90 million from Saudi Arabian royals at the start of his corruption trial in Khartoum
2022 – 30-hour siege begins on Hayat Hotel, Mogadishu, by Shabab militants leaving 21 dead and 117 injured
2022 – Mexico’s former attorney general Jesús Murillo Karam arrested in connection with disappearance of 43 students in 2014, one of the country’s worst human rights tragedies
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
