1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo along with his wife, Duchess Sophie.
1389 – Ottomans defeat Serbian army in the bloody Battle of Kosovo, opening the way for the Ottoman conquest of Southeastern Europe
1635 – The French colony of Guadeloupe was established in the Caribbean.
1675 – King Philip’s War: Colonial militia destroys Wampanoag settlement at Mount Hope in Bristol, Rhode Island, in response to recent attacks at Swansea, Massachusetts
1709 – The Russians defeated the Swedes and Cossacks at the Battle of Poltava.
1748 – Riot after public execution in Amsterdam, 200+ killed
1762 – Russian Tsarina Catherine II seizes power, declaring herself sovereign ruler of Russia
1776 – American Colonists repulsed a British sea attack on Charleston, SC.
1778 – Mary “Molly Pitcher” Hays McCauley, wife of an American artilleryman, carried water to the soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth and, supposedly, took her husband’s place at his gun after he was overcome with heat.
1838 – Coronation of Queen Victoria in Westminster Abbey, London
1870 – U.S. Congress creates federal holidays (New Year’s Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day), initially applicable only to federal employees
1894 – The U.S. Congress made Labor Day a U.S. national holiday.
1902 – The U.S. Congress passed the Spooner bill, it authorized a canal to be built across the isthmus of Panama.
1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo along with his wife, Duchess Sophie. https://www.history.com/news/the-assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinand
1919 – The Treaty of Versailles was signed ending World War I exactly five years after it began. The treaty also established the League of Nations.
1921 – A coal strike in Great Britain was settled after three months.
1935 – FDR orders a federal gold vault to be built at Fort Knox, Kentucky
1938 – The U.S. Congress created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to insure construction loans.
1942 – German troops launched an offensive to seize Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus and the city of Stalingrad.
1945 – U.S. General Douglas MacArthur announced the end of Japanese resistance in the Philippines.
1950 – North Korean forces captured Seoul, South Korea.
1960 – In Cuba, Fidel Castro confiscated American-owned oil refineries without compensation.
1964 – Malcolm X founded the Organization for Afro American Unity to seek independence for blacks in the Western Hemisphere.
1965 – 1st US ground combat forces in Vietnam authorized by President Lyndon B. Johnson
1967 – Israel formally declared Jerusalem reunified under its sovereignty following its capture of the Arab sector in the June 1967 war.
1970 – Around 500 Catholic workers at the Harland and Wolff shipyard are forced to leave their work by Protestant employees as serious rioting continues in Belfast
1971 – US Supreme Court (8-0) overturns draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali
1972 – U.S. President Nixon announced that no new draftees would be sent to Vietnam.
1976 – The first women entered the U.S. Air Force Academy.
1977 – Supreme Court allows Federal control of Nixon tapes papers
1978 – The U.S. Supreme Court ordered the medical school at the University of California at Davis to admit Allan Bakke. Bakke, a white man, argued he had been a victim of reverse racial discrimination.
1979 – OPEC raises oil prices 24%
1981 – 74 government officials die in attack on Islamic Republican Party conference in Tehran, Iran, including Chief Justice Mohammad Beheshti
1984 – Former member of South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU), Jeannette Schoon, and her six-year-old daughter, Katryn, are killed by a letter bomb at Lubango, in northern Angola
1997 – TV evangelist Robert Schuller attacks a flight attendant
1998 – Poland, due to shortage of funds, is allowed to lease, U.S. aircraft to bring military force up to NATO standards.
1998 – The Cincinnati Enquirer apologized to Chiquita banana company and retracted their stories that questioned company’s business practices. They also agreed to pay more than $10 million to settle legal claims.
2000 – The U.S. Supreme Court declared that a Nebraska law that outlawed “partial birth abortions” was unconstitutional. About 30 U.S. states had similar laws at the time of the ruling.
2000 – Elian Gonzalez was returned to his father in Cuba.
2001 – Serbia handed over Slobodan Milosevic over to the UN war crimes tribunal.
2004 – In Iraq, The United States transferred power back to the Iraqis two days earlier than planned.
2016 – Suicide bombings and gun attacks at Istanbul’s Ataturk Airport kill 42 and wound more than 200
2018 – Lone gunman attacks offices of Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland, killing nine
2018 – Employee charged with attempted poisoning of colleague’s sandwich in Schloss Holte-Stukenbrock, Germany, leading authorities to investigate 21 other suspicious deaths
2021 – Tigray Defense Forces retake Tigray’s regional capital of Mekelle in Ethiopia’s Tigray War. The Ethiopian government declares a unilateral ceasefire to save face but neither side sticks to it
2021 – US Supreme Court declines to hear school’s appeal in transgender bathroom case made by Gavin Grimm in Virginia, upholding an earlier decision it was discriminatory
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
