44 BC – Roman Emperor Julius Caesar was assassinated by high ranking Roman Senators. The day is known as the “Ides of March.” https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-ides-of-march
0221 – Liu Bei, a Chinese warlord and member of the Han royal house, declares himself Emperor of Shu-Han, claiming legitimate succession to the Han Dynasty
0351 – Constantius II elevates his cousin Gallus to Caesar, and puts him in charge of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
0493 – Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths, murders King Odoacer of Italy with his sword at a banquet in Ravenna
1311 – Battle of Halmyros: The Catalan Company defeats Walter V of Brienne to take control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader state in Greece.
1341 – During the Hundred Years War, an alliance was signed between Roman Emperor Louis IV and France’s Philip VI.
1391 – Anti-Semite monk in Seville, Spain stirs up people to attack Jews
1493 – Christopher Columbus returned to Spain after his first New World voyage.
1526 – French Dauphin Francis and his brother Henry exchanged as hostages for their father Francis I, beginning four years of captivity in Spain under Treaty of Madrid
1580 – Spanish King Philip II puts 25,000 gold coins on head of Prince William of Orange
1672 – King Charles II of England enacts the Declaration of Indulgence in an unsuccessful attempt to extend religious liberty to Protestant nonconformists and Roman Catholics in his realms
1778 – In command of two frigates, the Frenchman la Perouse sailed east from Botany Bay for the last lap of his voyage around the world.
1781 – During the American Revolution, the Battle of Guilford Courthouse took place in North Carolina. British General Cornwallis’ 1,900 soldiers defeated an American force of 4,400.
1783 – In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy. The plea is successful and the threatened coup d’etat never takes place.
1820 – Maine was admitted as the 23rd state of the Union.
1862 – General John Hunt Morgan began four days of raids near the city of Gallatin, TN.
1864 – Red River Campaign began as the Union forces reach Alexandria, LA.
1875 – The Roman Catholic Archbishop of New York, John McCloskey, was named the first American cardinal.
1892 – New York State unveiled the new automatic ballot voting machine.
1892 – Jesse W. Reno patented the Reno Inclined Elevator. It was the first escalator.
1895 – Bone Mizell, the famed cowboy of Florida, appears before a judge for altering cattle brands.
1901 – German Chancellor von Bulow declared that an agreement between Russia and China over Manchuria would violate the Anglo-German accord of October 1900.
1903 – The British conquest of Nigeria was completed. 500,000 square miles were now controlled by the U.K.
1907 – In Finland, woman won their first seats in the Finnish Parliament. They took their seats on May 23.
1910 – Otto Kahn offered $500,000 for a family portrait by Dutch artist Frans Hals. Kahn had outbid J.P. Morgan for the work.
1913 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson held the first open presidential news conference.
1916 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson sent 12,000 troops, under General Pershing, over the border of Mexico to pursue bandit Pancho Villa. The mission failed.
1917 – Russian Czar Nicholas II abdicated himself and his son. His brother Grand Duke succeeded as czar.
1919 – The American Legion was founded in Paris.
1922 – Fuad I assumed the title of king of Egypt after the country gained nominal independence from Britain.
1922 – France, which up until now has insisted on currency for all WWI reparation payments from Germany, now accepts raw materials as payment
1928 – Benito Mussolini modifies Italy electoral system (abolishes right to choose)
1934 – Henry Ford restored the $5 a day wage.
1935 – Joseph Goebbels, German Minister of Propaganda banned four Berlin newspapers.
1937 – In Chicago, IL, the first blood bank to preserve blood for transfusion by refrigeration was established at the Cook County Hospital.
1938 – Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia.
1940 – Hermann Goering says 100-200 church bells enough for Germany, smelt the rest
1946 – British Premier Attlee offered India full independence after agreement on a constitution.
1949 – Clothes rationing in Great Britain ended nearly four years after the end of World War II.
1951 – The Persian parliament voted to nationalize the oil industry.
1955 – The U.S. Air Force unveiled a self-guided missile.
1960 – Ten nations met in Geneva to discuss disarmament.
1960 – The first underwater park was established as Key Largo Coral Reef Preserve.
1965 – Gamal Abdel Nasser is re-elected Egyptian President.
1968 – The U.S. mint halted the practice of buying and selling gold.
1971 – Chatrooms make their debut on ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet
1977 – The U.S. House of Representatives began a 90-day test to determine the feasibility of showing its sessions on television.
1979 – Pope John Paul II published his first encyclical “Redemptor Hominis.” In the work he warned of the growing gap between the rich and poor.
1982 – Nicaragua’s ruling junta proclaimed a month-long state of siege and suspended the nation’s constitution for one day. This came a day after anti-government rebels destroyed two bridges near the Honduran border.
1985 – The world’s first internet domain name is registered, symbolics.com was registered by the Symbolics Computer Corporation of Massachusetts. There are over 1 billion domains today.
1985 – In Brazil, two decades of military rule came to an end with the installation of a civilian government.
1989 – The U.S. Food and Drug administration decided to impound all fruit imported from Chili after two cyanide-tainted grapes were found in Philadelphia, PA.
1989 – The U.S. Department of Veteran’s Affairs became the 14th Department in the President’s Cabinet.
1990 – In Iraq, British journalist Farzad Bazoft was hanged for spying.
1990 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes President of the Soviet Union, His economic and political reforms, as well as his advocacy of free speech, strengthened pro-democracy movements in other Eastern European countries and ultimately led to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Cold War.
1990 – The Soviet parliament ruled that Lithuania’s declaration of independence was invalid and that Soviet law was still in force in the Baltic republic.
1991 – Four Los Angeles police officers were indicted in the beating of Rodney King on March 3, 1991.
1991 – Yugoslav President Borisav Jovic resigned after about a week of anit-communist protests.
1994 – U.S. President Clinton extended the moratorium on nuclear testing until September of 1995.
1998 – More than 15,000 ethnic Albanians marched in Yugoslavia to demand independence for Kosovo.
2001 – The world’s largest oil rig, located off Brazil and operated by Petrobras, suffers three explosions
2002 – Libyan Abdel Baset Ali Mohmed Al-Megrahi began his life sentence in a Scottish jail for his role in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 on December 21, 1988.
2002 – In Texas, Andrea Yates received a life sentence for drowning her five children on June 20, 2001.
2002 – U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell told the Associated Press that the U.S. would stand by a 24-year pledge not to use nuclear arms against states that don’t have them.
2013 – 16 people are killed by a fireworks accident in Tlaxcala, Mexico
2017 – Disney refuses to cut gay moment in film “Beauty and the Beast” for Malaysian censors, instead pulls film from Malaysia
2018 – Pedestrian bridge in Miami, Florida, collapses onto 8-lane highway 5 days after it was built, killing 6
2018 – Toy chain Toys R Us announces it will close all its stores after filing for bankruptcy
2019 – Terrorist attack on two mosques by a right-wing Australian gunman kills 51 and wounds 50 in Christchurch, New Zealand
2020 – European countries impose restrictions on gatherings and borders as COVID-19 deaths rates rise dramatically – Italy 1,809, Spain 288, France 120
2021 – Armed attackers kill at least 58 people in the Tillabery region, southwest Niger, government declares three days of mourning
2021 – Mass March 4 Justice rallies held across Australia to protest against violence and discrimination towards women
2021 – Vatican issues judgement that priests cannot bless same-sex unions, that God “does not and cannot bless sin”
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
