1752 – Britain and the British Empire (including the American colonies) adopt the Gregorian Calendar, losing 11 days. People riot thinking the government stole 11 days of their lives
36 BC – Battle of Naulochus: Admiral of Octavian, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeats son of Pompey, Sextus Pompeius, ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate
301 – San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world’s oldest republic still in existence, founded by Saint Marinus
1189 – Richard the Lionheart is crowned in Westminster. 30 Jews are massacred after the coronation – Richard ordered the perpetrators be executed
1260 – Battle of Ain Jalut: Bahr: Mamluk of Egypt defeat Mongol army led by Kitbuqa in the Levant – often labelled a turning point in world history, saving the Arabic-Islamic civilization from destruction
1650 – Battle of Dunbar; Oliver Cromwell’s English New Model Army defeats Scottish force in surprise attack
1651 – Battle of Worcester: Oliver Cromwell’s New Model army destroys English royalist force of mainly Scots in last battle of English Civil War
1697 – King William’s War in America ends with Treaty of Ryswick
1752 – Britain and the British Empire (including the American colonies) adopt the Gregorian Calendar, losing 11 days. People riot thinking the government stole 11 days of their lives
1783 – The Revolutionary War between the U.S. and Great Britain ended with the Treaty of Paris.
1826 – USS Vincennes leaves NY to become 1st warship to circumnavigate globe
1833 – The first successful penny newspaper in the U.S., “The New York Sun,” was launched by Benjamin H. Day.
1838 – Frederick Douglass boarded a train in Maryland on his way to freedom from being a slave.
1852 – Anti-Jewish riots break out in Stockholm, Sweden
1855 – Indian Wars: In Nebraska, 700 soldiers under American General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village, killing 100 men, women, and children.
1891 – Cotton pickers organize union & stage strike in Texas
1895 – The first professional football game was played in Latrobe, PA. The Latrobe YMCA defeated the Jeannette Athletic Club 12-0.
1916 – US President Woodrow Wilson signs Adamson Act, providing an 8-hour day on interstate railroads, preventing a national railroad strike
1918 – 5 soldiers hanged for alleged participation in Houston riot (or Camp Logan riot); in all 19 mutineers were executed.
1935 – Sir Malcolm Campbell became the first person to drive an automobile over 300 miles an hour. He reached 304.331 MPH on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah.
1939 – World War II: Britain declares war on Germany after invasion of Poland. France follows 6 hours later quickly joined by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa & Canada
1943 – Italy was invaded by the Allied forces during World War II.
1944 – Holocaust diarist Anne Frank sent to Auschwitz concentration camp
1951 – “Search for Tomorrow” debuted on CBS-TV.
1954 – Espionage & Sabotage Act of 1954 signed in the US, prompted by the cold war
1964 – Wilderness Act signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson
1966 – The television series “The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet” ended after 14 years.
1967 – In Sweden, motorists stopped driving on the left side of the road and began driving on the right side.
1971 – Watergate team breaks into Daniel Ellsberg’s doctor’s office
1971 – Qatar independence, The Persian Gulf state gained its independence after 55 years of British rule.
1976 – The U.S. spacecraft Viking 2 landed on Mars. The unmanned spacecraft took the first close-up, color photos of the planet’s surface.
1981 – Egypt arrested more than 1,500 opponents of the government.
1987 – Coup in Burundi suspends constitution
1988 – Estimated by this date 50,000 Kurdish civilians and soldiers killed by Iraq, many using chemical weapons, in aftermath of Iran-Iraq War
1989 – The U.S. began shipping military aircraft and weapons, worth $65 million, to Columbia in its fight against drug lords.
1994 – Russia and China announced that they would no longer be targeting nuclear missiles or using force against each other.
1995 – Internet giant eBay is founded by Pierre Omidyar
2004 – The Beslan school massacre ends in the deaths of approximately 344 people, mostly teachers and children.
2013 – Hunters in Mississippi caught a 727-pound alligator.
2015 – Kentucky clerk in Rowan County jailed for refusing to issue marriage licenses to gay couples
2017 – North Korea conducts its sixth and largest ever nuclear test, saying it had successfully conducted a test of a hydrogen bomb
2018 – Argentine President Mauricio Macri announces new austerity measures, including closing half of all government ministries, in televised address
2018 – First public caning and conviction of lesbian couple attempting to have sex, by Sharia High Court in Terengganu state, Malaysia
2019 – Walmart says it will stop selling handguns and some ammunition and ask customers not to openly carry firearms in response to El Paso shootings
2019 – Unknown text by John Locke “Reasons for tolerateing Papists equally with others” (1667-68), an argument for religious toleration announced discovered at St John’s College, Annapolis
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
