1901 – U.S. President William McKinley was shot and mortally wounded (he died eight days later) by Leon Czolgosz. Czolgosz, an American anarchist, was executed the following October.
3114 BC – Date Maya/Mesoamerican Long Count Calendar starts dating from (as corresponds to the Julian Calendar).
0394 – Battle of the Frigidus: The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the pagan usurper Eugenius and his Frankish magister militum Arbogast.
1522- The Victoria, one of the surviving ships of Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition, returns to Sanlcar de Barrameda in Spain, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world.
1620 – The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England, on the Mayflower to settle in North America
1628 – Puritans land at Salem, from Mass Bay Colony, witches soon to settle
1642 – English Long Parliament issues Ordinance ordering closure of London theatres including the Globe theatre, once part-owned by William Shakespeare
1651 – King Charles II of England spends a day hiding in an oak tree during his escape after losing the Battle of Worcester
1669 – The siege of Candia, on Crete, ends with the Venetian fortress surrendering to the Ottomans
1716 – 1st lighthouse built in north America
1776 – 1st (failed) submarine attack: David Bushnell’s “Turtle” attacks British sailboat “Eagle” in Bay of NY
1837 – The Oberlin Collegiate Institute of Ohio went co-educational. (4 women, 30 men)
1847 – Henry David Thoreau leaves Walden Pond and moves in with Ralph Waldo Emerson and his family in Concord, Massachusetts
1863 – After 59 day siege, confederates evacuate Ft Wagner, SC
1876 – The Southern Pacific rail line from Los Angeles to San Francisco was completed.
1899 – Carnation processed its first can of evaporated milk.
1901 – U.S. President William McKinley was shot and mortally wounded (he died eight days later) by Leon Czolgosz. Czolgosz, an American anarchist, was executed the following October. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/president-william-mckinley-is-shot
1909 – Robert Peary, American explorer, sent word that he had reached the North Pole. He had reached his goal five months earlier.
1914 – Battle of the Marne; Germans prevented from occupying Paris
1916 – 1st true supermarket, the “Piggly Wiggly” is opened by Clarence Saunders in Memphis, Tennessee
1924 – Assassination attempt on Benito Mussolini fails
1930 – Democratically elected Argentine president Hiplito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup.
1939 – South Africa declared war on Germany.
1943 – The youngest player to appear in an American League baseball game was pitcher Carl Scheib of the Philadelphia Athletics. Scheib was 16 years, eight months and five days old.
1944 – During World War II, the British government relaxed blackout restrictions and suspended compulsory training for the Home Guard.
1948 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands was crowned.
1949 – A former sharpshooter in World War II, Howard Unruh kills 13 neighbors in Camden, New Jersey, with a souvenir Luger to become the first U.S. single-episode mass murderer
1952 – In Montreal, Canadian television began broadcasting.
1959 – Mattel’s Barbie doll goes on sale for the first time
1965 – War of 1965: India attacks Pakistan and announces that its forces will capture Lahore (city of Pakistan) in an hour.
1966 – In Cape Town, South Africa, the architect of Apartheid, Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd, is stabbed to death during a parliamentary meeting
1968 – Swaziland becomes an independent member of the British Commonwealth.
1970 – Two passenger jets bound from Europe to New York are simultaneously hijacked by Palestinian terrorist members of PFLP and taken to Dawson’s Field in Jordan.
1974 – Saudi Arabia increases its oil buy-back price from 93 percent to 94.9 percent of posted price
1975 – Martina Navratilova requested political asylum while in New York for the U.S. Open Tennis Tournament.
1976 – Cold War: Soviet air force pilot Lt. Viktor Belenko lands a MiG-25 jet fighter at Hakodate on the island of Hokkaid in Japan and requests political asylum in the United States.
1978 – James Wickwire and Louis Reichardt reached the top of the world’s second largest mountain, Pakistan’s K-2. They were the first Americans to reach the summit.
1982 – Polish dissidents seize Polish Embassy in Bern, Switzerland
1983 – The Soviet Union admits to shooting down Korean Air Flight KAL-007, stating that the pilots did not know it was a civilian aircraft when it violated Soviet airspace.
1986 – In Istanbul, two terrorists from Abu Nidal’s organization kill 22 and wound six inside the Neve Shalom synagogue during Shabbat services
1989 – Police computer accuses 41,000 Parisians of murder/prostitution
1990 – Iraq warned that anyone trying to flee the country without permission would be put in prison for life.
1991 – The State Council of the Soviet Union recognized the independence of the Baltic states.
1991 – The name St. Petersburg was restored to Russia’s second largest city. The city was founded in 1703 by Peter the Great. The name has been changed to Petrograd (1914) and to Leningrad (1924).
1993 – Renault of France and Volvo of Sweden announced they were merging. Volvo eventually canceled the deal the following December.
1995 – The Senate Ethics Committee recommends expulsion of US Senator Bob Packwood, accused of sexual misconduct.
1999 – Suai Church Massacre, More than 200 people who had found refuge in a church in Suai, East Timor were killed by pro-Indonesia militia after the results of an independence referendum came out.
2001 – The U.S. Justice Department announced that it was seeking a lesser antitrust penalty and would not attempt to break up Microsoft.
2001 – Ebay Inc. was found not liable for copyright infringement because bootleg copies of a Charles Manson documentary had been sold on their site.
2002 – In New York, the U.S. Congress convened at Federal Hall for a rare special session. The session was held in New York to express the nation’s mourning for the loss on September 11, 2001 and unity in the war against terrorism.
2007 – Israel Conducts Operation Orchard, The military operation was conducted by the Israeli air force to destroy a suspected nuclear reactor in the Deir el-Zor region of Syria.
2008 – The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) announced that Fannie Mae (Federal National Mortgage Association) and Freddie Mac (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation) would be placed in government conservatorship.
2013 – 20 people are killed by Islamist militants in villages in northeast Nigeria
2015 – German police confirm more than 13,000 refugees have arrived in Southern Germany in last 2 days fleeing conflicts in Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan
2016 – Minnesota man Danny Heinrich admits to kidnapping and murdering 11-year-old Jacob Wetterling on October 22, 1989
2017 – Catalonia’s parliament passes law to allow referendum on independence from Spain
2018 – New York and New Jersey state attorneys launch investigations into sexual abuse by the Catholic clergy, bring to six the number of states investigating
2020 – Strain of Bacteria nicknamed “Conan the Bacterium’ survives three years attached to the International Space Station in open space
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
