1892 – 3,800 striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving 10 dead and dozens wounded
1016 – Battle of Pontlevoy: one of largest battles of early Medieval France won by Fulk the Black and Hebert I of Maine again Odo II of Blois in the Loire Valley
1044 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, invades Hungary and defeats a Magyar army at the Battle of Mnf.
1348 – Papal bull of Pope Clement VI protecting Jews during the Black Death.
1415 – Bohemian religious reformer Jan Hus is burned at the stake in Constance, Germany
1483 – King Richard III of England was crowned.
1495 – First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo Charles VIII defeats the Holy League, but ultimately ends his attempted conquest of Italy
1535 – Sir Thomas More, author of Utopia and one time Lord Chancellor of England, is executed for treason by King Henry VIII after refusing to agree to Henry’s decision to separate the English church from the Roman Catholic church
1630 – Thirty-Years War: 4,000 Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany
1699 – Captain William Kidd, the pirate, was captured in Boston, MA, and deported back to England.
1776 – American Declaration of Independence announced on front page of “PA Evening Gazette
1777 – British forces captured Fort Ticonderoga during the American Revolution.
1785 – Congress resolves US currency named “”dollar”” & adopts decimal coinage
1798 – US law makes aliens “liable to be apprehended, restrained,… & removed as alien enemies”
1849 – Battle of Fredericia, Denmark, Danish Army under Generals Blow and Rye beat the Army of Schleswig-Holstein, thereby keeping the Prussians from any victory over Denmark until 1864
1858 – Lyman Blake patented the shoe manufacturing machine.
1885 – Louis Pasteur successfully tested his anti-rabies vaccine. The child used in the test later became the director of the Pasteur Institute.
1887 – David Kalakaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced at gunpoint, at the hands of Americans, to sign the Bayonet Constitution giving Americans more power in Hawaii while stripping Hawaiian citizens of their rights.
1892 – 3,800 striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving 10 dead and dozens wounded https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/homestead-strike
1905 – Fingerprints were exchanged for the first time between officials in Europe and the U.S. The person in question was John Walke
1908 – Robert Peary sets sail for the Arctic on the expedition on which he later reaches the North Pole
1917 – World War I: Arabian troops led by Lawrence of Arabia and Auda ibu Tayi capture Aqaba from the Turks during the Arab Revolt.
1923 – The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established.
1933 – The first All-Star baseball game was held in Chicago. The American League beat the National League 4-2.
1939 – Holocaust: The last remaining Jewish enterprises in Germany are closed.
1942 – Diarist Anne Frank and her family took refuge from the Nazis in Amsterdam.
1944 – In Hartford, Connecticut, a fire broke out under the big top of the Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey Circus, killing 167 people and injuring 682. Two-thirds of those who perished were children
1945 – U.S. President Truman signed an order creating the Medal of Freedom.
1945 – Nicaragua became the first nation to formally accept the United Nations Charter.
1947 – The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union.
1948 – Frieda Hennok became the first woman to serve as the commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission.
1955 – The Federal Air Pollution Control Act was implemented on this day in 1955, providing federally allocated funds for research into causal analysis and control of car-emission pollution
1957 – Althea Gibson won the Wimbledon women’s singles tennis title. She was the first black athlete to win the event.
1966 – Malawi became a republic within the Commonwealth with Dr. Hastings Banda as its first president.
1967 – The Biafran War erupted. The war lasted two-and-a-half years. About 600,000 people died.
1971 – White House Plumbers unit formed to plug news leaks
1975 – The Comoros Islands gained independence after about 137 years of French rule. Their official name is the Union of the Comoros.
1978 – Yana Mintoff hurled horse manure onto the floor of the British House of Commons.
1981 – Former President of Argentina Isabel Peron was freed after five years of house arrest by a federal court.
1981 – The Dupont Company announced an agreement to purchase Conoco, Inc. (Continental Oil Co.) for $7 billion. At the time it was the largest merger in corporate history.
1983 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that retirement plans could not pay women smaller monthly payments solely because of their gender.
1988 – The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. 167 oil workers are killed, making it the world’s worst offshore oil disaster..
1988 – Several popular beaches were closed in New York City due to medical waste and other debris began washing up on the seashores.
1989 – The U.S. Army destroyed its last Pershing 1-A missiles at an ammunition plant in Karnack, TX. The dismantling was under the terms of the 1987 Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty.
1989 – The Israeli 405 Bus slaughter in which 14 bus passengers were killed as an Arab assaulted the bus driver as the bus was driving by the edge of a cliff.
1997 – The Mars Pathfinder released Sojourner, a robot rover on the surface of Mars. The spacecraft landed on the red planet on July 4th.
1997 – In Cambodia, Second Prime Minister Hun Sen ousted First Prime Minister Norodom Ranariddh and claimed to have the capital under his control.
1998 – Protestants rioted in many parts of Northern Ireland after British authorities blocked an Orange Order march in Portadown.
1999 – US Army private Barry Winchell dies from baseball-bat injuries inflicted in his sleep the previous day by fellow soldiers for his relationship with transgendered showgirl and former Navy combat medic, Calpernia Addams.
2003 – 70-meter Eupatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to 5 stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri, HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris that will arrive in 2036, 2040, May 2044, September 2044 and 2049 respectively
2006 – The Nathula Pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years.
2012 – Gunmen kill 18 people in Turbat, Pakistan
2013 – 42 people are killed and 5 missing after a freight train carrying crude oil rolls unmanned for 12km before derailing at Lac-Megantic, Quebec igniting fires and explosions
2013 – 42 people are killed in an attack on a boarding school in Mamudo, Nigeria
2014 – Israeli Air Force strike kills 7 Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip
2016 – African American Alton Sterling is shot by Louisiana police in Baton Rouge, while being restrained on the ground, the killing is filmed
2016 – African American Philando Castile is shot by police in St Paul, Minnesota after being pulled over for a broken rear light, killing is filmed
2017 – France announces it will ban petrol and diesel cars by 2040
2018 – Paraguay has eliminated malaria in announcement by the World Health organization
2020 – America officially begins withdrawing from the World Health Organization
2020 – Zoonotic diseases, which jump from animals to humans, are increasing due to unsustainable farming and climate change according to new report by the UN
2022 – Dramatic day in British politics as more than 40 government ministers and aides withdraw their support from PM Boris Johnson and resign, a 24 hour record
2022 – Rocco Morabito, Italian second-most wanted and one of the world’s most power drug brokers extradited from Brazil to Italy, after being on the run for 28 years
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
