2011 – Lone wolf extremist goes on a massacre in Norway:
Anders Behring Breivik an anti-Islamist extremist placed a car bomb in front of the Norwegian Prime Minister’s office in Oslo. A few hours after the bomb exploded, killing 8 people and injuring about 200 others, Breivik opened fire at a youth summer camp at the island of Utøya killing 69 participants. This was the deadliest incident of violence in the Scandinavian country since the Second World War.
1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon elected first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
1139 – Pope Innocent II is ambushed and taken captive by the forces of Roger II of Sicily at Galluccio while trying to invade the Kingdom of Sicily
1306 – King Phillip the Fair, orders expulsion of Jews out of France
1376 – The legend of the Pied Piper of Hamelin leading rats out of town is said to have occurred on this date.
1484 – Battle of Lochmaben Fair – A 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany’s brother James III of Scotland; Douglas captured.
1499 – Battle of Dornach – The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
1535 – Christians captured in Tunis in uprising against Admiral Barbarossa
1587 – A second English colony was established on Roanoke Island off North Carolina. The colony vanished under mysterious circumstances.
1648 – 10,000 Jews of Polannoe murdered in Chmielnick massacre during Khmelnytsky Uprising
1763 – Catherine II issued her second manifesto inviting foreigners to settle in Russia. It spelled out the conditions under which they could immigrate and granted special rights and privileges. Large numbers of German peasants accepted the invitation.
1796 – Cleveland, Ohio, founded by General Moses Cleaveland. Originally called ‘Cleaveland’, the public adopted the current name after a newspaper editor noticed the name was too long to fit on the page.
1812 – English troops under the Duke of Wellington defeated the French at the Battle of Salamanca in Spain.
1835 – Smolny Cathedral in Saint Petersburg, Russia is consecrated, originally commissioned by Elizabeth of Russia
1864 – Battle of Atlanta: General Sherman’s Union side defeats Confederate troops under General Hood, with 8,449 Confederate and 3,641 US casualties
1901 – British House of Lords, in its role as court, rules trade unions can be sued for actions of its members – in Taff Vale Case
1905 – Body of John Paul Jones moved to Annapolis, MD for reburial
1916 – In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
1918 – Lightning kills 504 sheep in Utah’s Wasatch National Park
1933 – Wiley Post ended his around-the-world flight. He had traveled 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
1934 – Bank robber John Dillinger is shot to death by FBI agents outside of the Biograph Theater in Chicago.
1937 – The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States
1942 – Beginning of Warsaw ghetto “”Aktion.”” 6,000 to 7,000 a day are deported to Treblinka.
1942 – Gas rationing begins along the Atlantic coast of the US to help the American war effort during WWII.
1943 – American forces led by General George S. Patton captured Palermo, Sicily.
1944 – The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland
1946 – King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90
1950 – King Leopold, after 6 years in exile, returns to Belgium
1953 – U.S. ships laid down heavy barrage to support UN troops in Korea
1955 – U.S. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon chaired a cabinet meeting in Washington, DC. It was the first time that a Vice-President had carried out the task.
1960 – Cuba nationalizes all US-owned sugar factories
1964 – Four Navy Divers (LCDR Robert Thompson, MC; Gunners Mate First Class Lester Anderson, Chief Quartermaster Robert A. Barth, and Chief Hospital Corpsman Sanders Manning) submerge in Sealab I for 10 days at a depth of 192 feet, 39 miles off Hamilton, Bermuda. They surfaced on 31 July 1964
1968 – Sir John Newsome recommends public schools should take 50% of their intake from the state school system
1975 – Confederate General Robert E. Lee had his U.S. citizenship restored by the U.S. Congress.
1981 – Turkish terrorist Mehmet Ali Agca sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in Rome, Italy
1986 – House of Reps impeaches Judge Harry E Claiborne on tax evasion
1987 – The U.S. began its policy of escorting re-flagged Kuwaiti tankers up and down the Persian Gulf to protect them from possible attack by Iran.
1988 – 500 US scientists pledge to boycott Pentagon germ-warfare research
1992 – Near Medelln, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States
1997 – The first shipments of oil produced from Kazakhstan’s Tengiz field arrive at terminals on the Black Sea for subsequent export through the Bosphoros Strait
1998 – Iran tested medium-range missile, capable of reaching Israel or Saudi Arabia.
2000 – Astronomers at the University of Arizona announced that they had found a 17th moon orbiting Jupiter.
2002 – Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas’s military arm, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians
2003 – In northern Iraq, Saddam Hussein’s sons Odai and Qusai died after a gunfight with U.S. forces.
2003 – In Paris, France, a fire broke out near the top of the Eiffel Tower. About 4,000 visitors were evacuated and no injuries were reported.
2004 – The September 11 commission’s final report was released. The 575-page report concluded that hijackers exploited “deep institutional failings within our government.” The report was released to White House officials the day before.
2011 – Lone wolf extremist goes on a massacre in Norway
Anders Behring Breivik an anti-Islamist extremist placed a car bomb in front of the Norwegian Prime Minister’s office in Oslo. A few hours after the bomb exploded, killing 8 people and injuring about 200 others, Breivik opened fire at a youth summer camp at the island of Utøya killing 69 participants. This was the deadliest incident of violence in the Scandinavian country since the Second World War.
2012 – Car bombs kills 20 people and injures 80 in Madaen and Najaf, Iraq
2014 – News broadcaster Al Jazeera claim that its office in Gaza is under attack by the Israeli Defence Force
2016 – A man shoots and kills 9 people at the Olympia shopping mall in Munich, Germany and then kills himself
2017 – 10 die in over-heated tractor-trailer in San Antonio, Texas in human-trafficking incident
2018 – US President Donald Trump threatens Iran in an all-caps tweet of “consequences” in response to speech by Iranian President Hassan Rouhani
2019 – Air strikes have killed at least 31 people in Maarat al-Numan, north-western Syria, with Russian planes supporting Syrian government being blamed
2019 – French submarine Minerve rediscovered off coast of Toulon, France, after disappearing in 1968 with loss of 52 crew
2019 – US President Donald Trump says US could win war in Afghanistan in a week “I just don’t want to kill 10 million people. If I wanted to win that war, Afghanistan would be wiped off the face of the earth”
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
