1983 – Beirut Barracks Bombing – Two bombs exploded in front of American and French barracks during the Lebanese Civil War, killing about 300 French and American military personnel. Islamic Jihad took responsibility for the bombings.
0202 BC – Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus in the Battle of Zama
0042 BC – Roman Republican civil wars: Second Battle of Philippi – Brutus’s army is decisively defeated by Mark Antony and Octavian. Brutus commits suicide
0362 – The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.
0425 – Valentinian III is elevated to Roman Emperor, at the age of 6
1157 – The Battle of Grathe Heath ends the civil war in Denmark. King Sweyn III is killed and Valdemar I restores the country.
1383 – The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the Portuguese throne.
1668 – Jews of Barbados forbidden to engage in retail trade
1692 – Last hanging for witchcraft in the United States.
1760 – First Jewish prayer books printed in North America
1784 – Russia founds a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska
1813 – The Pacific Fur Company trading post in Astoria, Oregon is turned over to the rival British North West Company (the fur trade in the Pacific Northwest was dominated for the next three decades by the United Kingdom).
1836 – Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas.
1844 – The Great Anticipation: Millerites, followers of William Miller, anticipated the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great Disappointment.
1864 – During the U.S. Civil War, Union forces led by Gen. Samuel R. Curtis defeated the Confederate forces in Missouri that were under Gen. Stirling Price.
1877 – The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House.
1895 – In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop and crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare Montparnasse.
1906 – 3000 blacks demonstrate & riot in Philedalphia
1907 – Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.
1915 – Approximately 25,000 women demanded the right to vote with a march in New York City, NY.
1926 – J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry Houdini in the stomach in Montreal.
1929 – In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged starting the stock-market crash that began the Great Depression.
1934 – In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents.
1941 – French hero of the resistance Guy Mquet is executed by the Germans, along with 29 other hostages as a retaliation for a killed German officer
1942 – During World War II, the British began a major offensive against Axis forces at El Alamein, Egypt.
1944 – During World War II, the Battle of Leyte Gulf began.
1946 – The United Nations General Assembly convened in New York for the first time.
1953 – Laos gains full independence from France
1956 – Hungarian citizens began an uprising against Soviet occupation. On November 4, 1956 Soviet forces enter Hungary and eventually suppress the uprising.
1958 – Russian poet and novelist Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. He was forced to refuse the honor due to negative Soviet reaction. Pasternak won the award for writing “Dr. Zhivago”.
1962 – During the Cuban Missile Crisis, the U.S. naval “quarantine” of Cuba was approved by the Council of the Organization of American States (OAS).
1963 – 225,000 students boycott Chicago schools in Freedom Day protest
1971 – The U.N. General Assembly voted to expel Taiwan and seat Communist China.
1972 – Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris. Thieu rejects the proposal and accused the United States of conspiring to undermine his regime
1973 – U.S. President Richard M. Nixon agreed to turn over the subpoenaed tapes concerning the Watergate affair.
1978 – China and Japan formally ended four decades of hostility when they exchanged treaty ratifications.
1980 – The resignation of Soviet Premier Alexei N. Kosygin was announced.
1983 – Beirut Barracks Bombing – Two bombs exploded in front of American and French barracks during the Lebanese Civil War, killing about 300 French and American military personnel. Islamic Jihad took responsibility for the bombings.
1984 – “NBC Nightly News” aired footage of the severe drought in Ethiopia.
1989 – Hungary became an independent republic, after 33 years of Soviet rule.
1992 – Japanese Emperor Akihito became the first Japanese emperor to stand on Chinese soil.
1995 – Russian President Boris Yeltsin and U.S. President Bill Clinton agree to a joint peacekeeping effort in the war-torn Bosnia.
1998 – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat reach a breakthrough in a land-for-peace West Bank accord.
1998 – Japan nationalized its first bank since World War II.
2001 – NASA’s Mars Odyssey spacecraft began orbiting Mars. In 2010, it became the longest-operating spacecraft ever sent to Mars.
2002 – Dubrovka Theater Hostage Crisis- About 50 Chechen rebels led by Movsar Barayev took over the Dubrovka Theater in Moscow during the performance of Nord-Ost, a musical. The rebels took about 850 hostages and demanded the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya. The siege lasted for about 3 days and ended after Russian security forces released a chemical gas in the theater. All of the rebels and about 170 hostages died during the siege.
2018 – Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan rejects Saudi claim journalist Jamal Khashoggi killed accidentally, says it was premeditated murder
2019 – Lorry containing 39 bodies of Vietnamese nationals found in Essex, England, man arrested for people smuggling and murder
2021 – Capture of Colombia’s most-wanted drug lord, Dairo Antonio Usuga ‘Otoniel’, in Colombia’s Uraba region, announced live on TV
2022 – Xi Jinping secures record third term as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party with a new seven-member Politburo Standing Committee, at the 20th National Party Congress in Beijing
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
