1235 – Emperor Joseph II orders Jews of Galicia Austria to adopt family names
1492 – The leader of the last Arab stronghold in Spain surrendered to Spanish forces loyal to King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I.
1791 – Big Bottom massacre in the Ohio Country, marking the beginning of the Northwest Indian War.
1811 – US Senator Thomas Pickering is 1st senator censured (revealed confidential documents communicated by the President of the US)
1831 – Liberator, abolitionist newspaper, begins publishing in Boston
1839 – 1st photo of the Moon (French photographer Louis Daguerre)
1842 – In Fairmount, PA, the first wire suspension bridge was opened to traffic.
1872 – Brigham Young, the 71-year-old leader of the Mormon Church, was arrested on a charge of bigamy. He had 25 wives.
1882 – The Standard Oil Trust agreement was completed and dated. The document transferred the stock and property of more than 40 companies into the control of nine trustees lead by John D. Rockefeller. This was the first example of what became known as a holding company
1892 – Ellis Island opened as America’s first federal immigration center. Annie Moore, at age 15, became the first person to pass through.
1900 – U.S. Secretary of State John Hay announced the Open Door Policy to prompt trade with China.
1903 – President T Roosevelt shuts down post office in Indianola MI, for refusing to accept its appointed postmistress because she was black
1920 – Responding to global fear of communism caused by the Russian Revolution, US Attorney General Palmer authorizes raids across the country on unionists and socialists
1921 – The first religious broadcast on radio was heard on KDKA Radio in Pittsburgh, PA, as Dr. E.J. Van Etten of Calvary Episcopal Church preached.
1923 – Ku Klux Klan surprise attack on black residential area Rosewood FL, 8 killed (compensation awarded in 1995)
1929 – The United States and Canada reached an agreement on joint action to preserve Niagara Falls.
1935 – Bruno Richard Hauptmann went on trial for the kidnap-murder of Charles Lindberghs baby. Hauptmann was found guilt and executed.
1965 – Martin Luther King Jr. begins a drive to register black voters
1966 – 1st Jewish child born in Spain since 1492 expulsion
1971 – Spectator crush at Ibrox Park in Glasgow, Scotland as Rangers supporters leave the ground with home team 0-1 behind to Old Firm rivals Celtic; 66 deaths and more than 200 injuries; Rangers score late for 1-1
1974 – U.S. President Richard M. Nixon signed a bill requiring all states to lower the maximum speed limit to 55 MPH. The law was intended to conserve gasoline supplies during an embargo imposed by Arab oil-producing countries. Federal speed limits were abolished in 1995.
1988 – Mulroney & Reagan sign Canada-US free trade agreement
1988 – Ashland Oil storage tank spills 3.8 million gallons, Pennsylvania
1990 – Sting joins wrestlings 4 Horsemen (Flair, Arn Anderson, Ole Anderson)
1996 – AT&T announced that it would eliminate 40,000 jobs over three years.
1996 – The US deploys troops in Northern Bosnia with the intention of maintaining order and peace between Bosnian Serbs and Muslims
2008 – The price of oil hit $100 per barrell for the first time.
2017 – US House Republicans vote to gut the independent Office of Congressional Ethics, a public uproar forces them to back down the next day
2021 – US President Donald Trump says to Georgia’s secretary of state Brad Raffensperger “I just want to find 11,780 votes, which is one more than we have,” in recording released by the Washington Post
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
