1267 – Synod of Breslau orders Jews of Silesia to wear special caps
1554 – Battle at London: Sir Thomas Wyatt defeated and his rebellion against Queen Mary crushed
1555 – Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake for heresy
1788 – Austria declares war on Russia
1822 – Haiti invades the newly founded Dominican Republic.
1825 – The U.S. House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams president. No candidate had received a majority of electoral votes.
1861 – Jefferson Davis was chosen as the president of the Confederate States of America.
1861 – Confederate Provisional Congress declares all laws under the US Constitution were consistent with constitution of Confederate states
1870 – The United States Weather Bureau was authorized by Congress. The bureau is officially known as the National Weather Service (NWS).
1886 – US President Grover Cleveland declares a state of emergency in Seattle because of anti-Chinese violence
1895 – Volley Ball was invented by W.G. Morgan.
1897 – Invasion of Benin City by British Expedition force, the city is burnt and looted, marks the end of Nigerian Kingdom of Benin formed in the 11th century
1909 – 1st US federal legislation on narcotics prohibits importation, possession, and use of “smoking opium”
1922 – World War Foreign Debt Commission is established by Congress to settle the problem of Allied war and postwar loans
1942 – The U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff held its first formal meeting to coordinate military strategy during World War II.
1942 – Daylight-saving “War Time” went into effect in the U.S.
1943 – US President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs an executive order setting a minimum 48-hour work week in a number of critical war industries
1943 – During World War II, the battle of Guadalcanal ended with an American victory over Japanese forces.
1950 – U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy charged that the State Department was riddled with Communists. This was the beginning of “McCarthyism.”
1959 – The world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile becomes operational in the USSR
1964 – 1st appearance of the Beatles on “The Ed Sullivan Show”, from New York, draws 73.7 million television viewers
1971 – The Apollo 14 spacecraft returned to Earth after mankind’s third landing on the moon.
1972 – British government declares state of emergency after month-long coal miners’ strike
1979 – Walter Hill’s drama film “The Warriors” is released in the United States, sparking gang violence at many theaters and a halt to the film’s marketing campaign
1986 – Halley’s Comet reaches 30th perihelion (closest approach to Sun)
1987 – Former national security adviser Robert McFarlane attempts suicide
1990 – Spacecraft Galileo flies by Venus at an altitude of 10,000 miles (16,000 km) in a gravity assist maneuver to gain speed on its way to Jupiter
1991 – Lithuanians voted overwhelmingly for independence from the Soviet Union.
1996 – The Irish paramilitary organization IRA ends an 18-month ceasefire by exploding a large bomb in London. The explosion in London’s Canary Wharf left 2 people dead and 39 injured.
1997 – “The Simpsons” became the longest-running prime-time animated series. “The Flintstones” held the record previously
2001 – American submarine USS Greeneville accidentally strikes and sinks the Ehime-Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the Uwajima Fishery High School; nine the Ehime-Maru’s crew members were killed, including four high school students.
2014 – Protest erupt in Sarajevo and other cities in Bosnia-Herzegovina; the unemployment rate remains at 40% (57% for youth)
2020 – Deaths from COVID-19 virus overtake those of Sars (2003) with 813 deaths worldwide, with more than 34,800 known infections
2020 – Suspected militants attack and kill at least 30 people, many while sleeping in their cars in Auno, north-eastern Nigeria, kidnapping women and children
2021 – US Senate Impeachment trial of former President Donald Trump begins in Washington D.C.
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
