1962 – U.S. President Kennedy went on radio and television to inform the United States about his order to send U.S. forces to blockade Cuba. The blockade was in response to the discovery of Soviet missile bases on the island.
1335 – Ex-emperor Hanazono (95th Emperor of Japan) became a Zen priest
1383 – The 1383-85 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder begins after King Fernando dies without a male heir to the Portuguese throne
1707 – Sicily Naval Disaster: shipwreck of four Royal navy warships and loss of 1400 men during a storm off the Scilly Isles – will prompt 1714 British Act of Parliament competition to find longitude at sea
1746 – The College of New Jersey was officially chartered. It later became known as Princeton University.
1836 – Sam Houston was inaugurated as the first constitutionally elected president of the Republic of Texas.
1844 – This day is recognized as “The Great Disappointment” among those who practiced Millerism. The world was expected to come to an end according to the followers of William Miller.
1877 – The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House.
1879 – Thomas Edison conducted his first successful experiment with a high-resistance carbon filament.
1884 – International Meridian Conference in Washington, D.C. adopts Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) worldwide, creating 24 international time zones with longitude zero at the Greenwich meridian
1895 – In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop, crosses more than 30 meters of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare Montparnasse
1906 – 3000 blacks demonstrate & riot in Philadelphia
1907 – The Panic of 1907 began when depositors began withdrawing money from many New York banks.
1916 – US suffragette Inez Milholland collapses during a speech in Los Angeles (dies weeks later). Her last word’s are to President Woodrow Wilson “Mr. President, how long must women wait for liberty?”
1928 – Herbert Hoover speaks of “American system of rugged individualism”
1934 – Notorious bank robber Charles “Pretty Boy” Floyd is shot and killed by FBI agents in East Liverpool, Ohio
1936 – The Long March, a 6000-mile journey made by members of the Red Army led by Mao Zedong came to an end. The March was undertaken as a way to escape the Nationalist army of Chiang Kai-shek. The end of the March is also known in China as the “union of the three armies”.
1939 – The first televised pro football game was telecast from New York. Brooklyn defeated Philadelphia 23-14.
1942 – Operation Flagpole: US Major General Mark Clark & Brigadier General Lyman Lemnitzer meet Vichy French Général Charles Mast secretly in small fishing village of Cherchell, Algeria to finalize plans for Allied Invasion of North Africa
1950 – The Los Angeles Rams set an NFL record by defeating the Baltimore Colts 70-27. It was a record score for a regular season game.
1954 – The Federal Republic of Germany was invited to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
1957 – François Duvalier, also known as Papa Doc, became the President of Haiti.
1962 – U.S. President Kennedy went on radio and television to inform the United States about his order to send U.S. forces to blockade Cuba. The blockade was in response to the discovery of Soviet missile bases on the island. https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cuban-missile-crisis
1963 – 225,000 students boycott Chicago schools in Freedom Day protest
1968 – Apollo 7 splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean. The spacecraft had orbited the Earth 163 times.
1975 – Soviet spacecraft Venera 9 soft-lands on Venus, becoming the first lander to return images from the surface of another planet
1975 – Air Force Technical Sergeant Leonard Matlovich was discharged after publicly declaring his homosexuality. His tombstone reads ” “A gay Vietnam Veteran. When I was in the military, they gave me a medal for killing two men and a discharge for loving one.”
1976 – Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.
1979 – The ousted Shah of Iran, Mohammad Riza Pahlavi was allowed into the U.S. for medical treatment.
1981 – The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization was decertified by the federal government for its strike the previous August.
1983 – At the Augusta National Golf Course in Georgia, an armed man crashed a truck through front gates and demanded to speak with U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
1986 – U.S. President Reagan signed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law.
1991 – The European Community and the European Free Trade Association agreed to create a free trade zone of 19 nations by the year 1993.
1995 – The 50th anniversary of the United Nations was marked by a record number of world leaders gathering.
1998 – The United Nations announced that over 2 million children had been killed in war as innocent victims since 1987.
1999 – The U.N. Security Council voted to send 6,000 troops to Sierra Leone to oversee a peace plan that had been signed in July.
2004 – Discovery and isolation of new wonder material Graphene announced in paper by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov (Nobel Prize 2010). Incredibly they used scotch tape to peal layers off Graphite
2009 – Former Uruguayan dictator Gregorio Álvarez sentenced to 25 years in prison for aggravated murder of 37 Uruguayan dissidents who had fled to Argentina
2012 – 6 Italian scientists are convicted of manslaughter for their failure to predict the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake
2013 – 22 security force personal are killed in attacks on military checkpoints in Anbar Province, Iraq
2013 – 37 Boko Harem Islamist militants are killed by air and ground strikes in Nigeria
2018 – Cameroon’s President Paul Biya wins seventh term in office, extending his 36 years in office, in election marred by intimidation and low turnout
2018 – Pipe bomb sent to George Soros’ New York home address, first Democrat to receive series of pipe bombs in US
2019 – Top US diplomat in Ukraine, Bill Taylor, testifies President Donald Trump tied aid to Ukraine to demands the country open an investigation into the Biden family
2019 – UK parliament approves Brexit deal to leave the EU but rejects legislation to fast-track it to meet October 31 deadline
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
