2003 – U.S. troops capture Baghdad; Saddam Hussein’s regime falls two days later.
0030 – Scholars’ estimate for Jesus’ crucifixion by Roman troops in Jerusalem
0451 – Attila the Hun plunders Metz in Northeastern France
0529 – First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I.
1118 – Pope Gelasius II excommunicated by Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, forcing him to flee Rome and rule in exile
1498 – Crowd storms Savonarola’s convent San Marco Florence, Italy
1521 – Inquisitor-general Adrian Boeyens bans Lutheran books
1541 – Spanish missionary Francis Xavier leaves Lisbon for the Portuguese East Indies as the first Jesuit missionary
1645 – Michael Cardozo becomes 1st Jewish lawyer in Brazil
1712 – Slave revolt in New York kills 6 white men, 21 African Americans executed
1788 – First settlement in Ohio, at Marietta
1798 – The Mississippi Territory is organized from territory ceded by Georgia and South Carolina and is later twice expanded to include disputed territory claimed by both the U.S. and Spain.
1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: The Corps of Discovery breaks camp among the Mandan tribe and resumes its journey West along the Missouri River.
1818 – General Andrew Jackson conquers Spanish Fort San Marcos (St Marks), in Spanish Florida during his pursuit of the Native American Seminole Tribe, in what would become known as the First Seminole War
1831 – Dom Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil, passes the throne to his six year old son Dom Pedro II so that he can return to Portugal to support his daughter, Maria II, against the usurper Miguel I
1862 – Union General Ulysses S. Grant defeated Confederates at the Battle of Shiloh, TN.
1864 – The first camel race in America was held in Sacramento, California.
1868 – Thomas D’Arcy McGee, one of the Canadian Fathers Of Confederation is assassinated by the Irish, in one of the few Canadian political assassinations, the only one at the federal level
1888 – P.F. Collier published a weekly periodical for the first time under the name “Collier’s.”
1891 – Nebraska introduces the 8 hour work day
1921 – Revolutionary leader, Sun Yat-sen is elected President of China at Canton, though China remains divided into north and south and subject to rivalries of warlords
1922 – U.S. Secretary of Interior leased Teapot Dome naval oil reserves in Wyoming.
1927 – The first long-distance TV transmission was sent from Washington, DC, to New York City. The audience saw an image of Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover.
1930 – The first steel columns were set for the Empire State Building.
1933 – Prohibition was repealed for beer of no more than 3.2% alcohol by weight, eight months before the ratification of XXI amendment
1939 – World War II: Italy invades Albania.
1943 – Holocaust: In Terebovlia, Ukraine, Germans order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city of Terebovlia to the nearby village of Plebanivka. They were then shot dead and buried in ditches
1945 – The Japanese battleship Yamato, the world’s largest battleship, was sunk during the battle for Okinawa. The fleet was headed for a suicide mission.
1946 – Syria’s independence from France is officially recognised.
1948 – The United Nations’ World Health Organization began operations.
1953 – The Big Four met for the first time in 2 years to seek an end to their air conflicts.
1954 – US President Dwight D. Eisenhower in a news conference is first to voice fear of a “domino-effect” of communism in the Indo-China region
1959 – Radar first bounced off sun, Stanford Calif
1963 – Josip Broz Tito was proclaimed to be the leader of Yugoslavia for life.
1966 – The U.S. recovered a hydrogen bomb it had lost off the coast of Spain.
1967 – Israel reported that they had shot down six Syrian MIGs.
1969 – The internet is born – The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) awarded a contract to build a precursor of today’s world wide web to BBN Technologies. The date is widely considered as the internet’s symbolic birthday.
1971 – U.S. President Nixon pledged to withdraw 100,000 more men from Vietnam by December.
1972 – “Crazy” Joe Gallo mobster, killed at his 43rd birthday party
1977 – German Federal Prosecutor Siegfried Buback and his driver are shot by two Red Army Faction members while waiting at a red light.
1978 – Development of the neutron bomb is canceled by U.S. President Jimmy Carter.
1980 – The U.S. broke diplomatic relations with Iran and imposed economic sanctions in response to the taking of hostages on November 4, 1979.
1983 – Specialist Story Musgrave and Don Peterson made the first Space Shuttle spacewalk.
1985 – In Sudan, Gen. Swar el-Dahab took over the Presidency while President Gaafar el-Nimeiry was visiting the U.S. and Egypt.
1988 – In Fort Smith, AR, 13 white supremacists were acquitted on charges for plotting to overthrow the U.S. federal government.
1989 – NY Supreme Court takes America’s Cup away from SD Yacht Club for using a catamaran against NZ. Appeals court eventually overrules
1990 – In the U.S., John Poindexter was found guilty of five counts at his Iran-Contra trial. The convictions were later reversed on appeal.
1994 – Civil war erupted in Rwanda between the Patriotic Front rebel group and government soldiers. Hundreds of thousands were slaughtered in the months that followed.
1999 – The World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules in favor of the United States in its long-running trade dispute with the European Union over bananas.
2000 – U.S. President Clinton signed the Senior Citizens Freedom to Work Act of 2000. The bill reversed a Depression-era law and allows senior citizens to earn money without losing Social Security retirement benefits.
2002 – The Roman Catholic archdiocese announced that six priests from the Archdiocese of New York were suspended over allegations of sexual misconduct.
2003 – U.S. troops capture Baghdad; Saddam Hussein’s regime falls two days later.
2005 – Head of government of the Federal District, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, faces an impeachment process at the Mexican Congress
2009 – Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori was sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
2013 – 15 people, including 9 children, are killed by an air strike on Aleppo by the Syrian Air Force
2017 – US President Donald Trump orders missile strike on Syrian airfield after chemical weapons attack on Khan Sheikhoun
2018 – Suspected gas attack on Douma by Syrian government airforce kills more than 40 people and injuries more than 500
2019 – Rebel force the Libyan National Army under General Khalifa Haftar begins advancing on Tripoli with 21 killed and 27 injured over next few days as they try to take the capital
2020 – Australia’s highest court overturns the child sexual abuse conviction of Catholic Cardinal George Pell
2022 – Ketanji Brown Jackson becomes the first black woman to be confirmed by the US Senate to the Supreme Court in 53-47 vote
2023 – U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk suspends Food and Drug Administration’s approval of key abortion pill mifepristone, leading to US government request for legal appeal to stop nationwide ban
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
