1781, 1,500 soldiers from the Pennsylvania Line—all 11 regiments under General Anthony Wayne’s command—insist that their three-year enlistments are expired, kill three officers in a drunken rage and abandon the Continental Army’s winter camp at Morristown, New Jersey.
0001 – Origin of Christian Era
0069 – Roman garrison of Mainz uprising
0404 – The last gladiator competition was held in Rome.
0630 – Prophet Muhammad sets out toward Mecca with the army that will capture it bloodlessly.
1430 – Jews of Sicily are no longer required to attend conversionist services
1502 – Portuguese navigators discover Rio de Janeiro
1527 – Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I of Austria as king of Croatia in the Parliament on Cetin.
1610 – German astronomer Simon Marius 1st discovers the Jupiter moons, but does not officially report it, Galileo does on July 1 1610
1622 – The Papal Chancery adopted January 1st as the beginning of the New Year (instead of March 25th).
1701 – Great Britain & Ireland union is in effect, creating United Kingdom
1772 – The first traveler’s checks were issued in London.
1781 – 1,500 soldiers of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment under General Anthony Wayne’s command rebel against the Continental Army’s winter camp in Morristown, New Jersey as part of the Pennsylvania (Continentals; Regiment) Mutiny of 1781. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mutiny-of-the-pennsylvania-line
1785 – London’s oldest daily paper “The Daily Universal Register” (later renamed “The Times” in 1788) was first published.
1797 – Albany became the capital of New York state, replacing New York City.
1801 – Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi became the first person to discover an asteroid. He named it Ceres.
1804 – Haiti gained its independence.
1863 – U.S. President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared that all slaves in the rebel states were free.
1887 – Queen Victoria was proclaimed empress of India in Delhi.
1892 – Ellis Island Immigrant Station formally opened in New York.
1895 – In Battle Creek, MI, C.W. Post created his first usable batch of Monks Brew (later called Postum). It was a cereal-based substitute for caffeinated drinks.
1898 – Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island were consolidated into New York City.
1900 – Nigeria became a British protectorate with Frederick Lagard as the high commissioner.
1902 – The first Tournament of Roses (later the Rose Bowl) collegiate football game was played in Pasadena, CA.
1909 – The first payments of old-age pensions were made in Britain. People over 70 received five shillings a week.
1916 – German troops abandon Yaound and their Kamerun colony to British forces and begin the long march to Spanish Guinea.
1925 – Norway’s capital Christiania changes name to Oslo
1926 – The Rose Bowl was carried coast to coast on network radio for the first time.
1928 – The BOI (now FBI) instituted a theoretical and practical training course for new Special Agents. During a two-month assignment to the Washington Field Office, New Agents were instructed in Bureau rules and procedures, provided with practical exercises in crime investigation, and evaluated by experienced Agents as to their qualities and potential
1932 – Rasse und Siedlungshauptamt publishes Himmler’s wedding laws
1934 – The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) began operation.
1937 – The First Cotton Bowl football game was played in Dallas, TX. Texas Christian University (T.C.U.) beat Marquette, 16-6.
1939 – The Hewlett-Packard partnership was formed by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard.
1942 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill issued a declaration called the “United Nations.” It was signed by 26 countries that vowed to create an international postwar World War II peacekeeping organization.
1944 – Army defeats Navy 10-7 in football “Arab Bowl,” Oran, North Africa
1945 – France was admitted to the United Nations.
1946 – Emperor Hirohito of Japan announces he is not a god
1947 – Britain nationalizes its coal industry
1949 – United Nation cease-fire orders to operate in Kashmir from one minute before midnight. War between India and Pakistan stops accordingly.
1950 – Ho Chi Minh begins offensive against French troops in Indo-China
1956 – Sudan gained its independence.
1958 – The European Economic Community (EEC) started operations.
1959 – Fidel Castro overthrew the government of Fulgencio Batista, and seized power in Cuba.
1960 – US census at 179,245,000
1964 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is divided into the independent republics of Zambia and Malawi, and the British-controlled Rhodesia.”
1966 – After a coup, Colonel Jean-Bdel Bokassa assumes power as president of the Central African Republic
1967 – The FBI’s National Crime Information Center (NCIC) became operational. Law enforcement officials from across the country could tap this electronic database of criminal histories and other information to identify suspects and learn more about persons arrested.
1968 – Evel Knievel, stunt performing daredevil, lost control of his motorcycle midway through a jump of 141 feet over the ornamental fountains in front of Caesar’s Palace in Las Vegas.
1971 – Tobacco ads representing $20 million dollars in advertising were banned from TV and radio broadcast.
1973 – Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Norway joined the EEC.
1975 – The magazine “Popular Electronics” announced the invention of a person computer called Altair. MITS, using an Intel microprocessor, developed the computer.
1979 – The United States and China held celebrations in Washington, DC, and Beijing to mark the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
1981 – Greece joined the European Community.
1983 – The ARPANET officially changes to using the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.
1984 – AT&T was broken up into 22 Bell System companies under terms of an antitrust agreement with the U.S. Federal government.
1986 – Spain and Portugal joined the European Community (EC).
1987 – A pro-democracy rally took place in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square (China).
1988 – The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America comes into existence, creating the largest Lutheran denomination in the United States
1993 – Czechoslovakia split into two separate states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The peaceful division had been engineered in 1992.
1994 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect.
1995 – Frederick West, an alleged killer of 12 women and girls, was found hanged in his jail cell in Winston Green prison, in Birmingham. West had been under almost continuous watch since his arrest in 1994, but security had reportedly been relaxed in the months preceding the apparent suicide.
1998 – A new anti-smoking law went into effect in California. The law prohibiting people from lighting up in bars.
1999 – In California, a law went into effect that defined “invasion of privacy as trespassing with the intent to capture audio or video images of a celebrity or crime victim engaging in a personal of family activity.”
2001 – The “Texas 7,” rented space in an RV park in Woodland Park, CO.
2002 – The Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially comes into force.
2004 – In a vote of confidence, Pakistan General Pervez Musharraf wins 658 out of 1,170 votes in the Electoral College and is “deemed to be elected” as President according to Pakistan Constitution (Article 41(8))
2008 – A New Hampshire law legalizing civil unions for same-sex couples comes into effect.
2010 – Suicide car bomb detonates at a volleyball tournament in Lakki Marwat, Pakistan, killing 105 and injuring 100
2013 – 13 Boko Harem members are killed by Nigeria’s military in Maiduguri
2016 – Dubai skyscraper “The Address” burns as the New Year is rung in. Fire started on the 31st.
2018 – California becomes largest US state to legalise cannabis for recreational use
2019 – Qatar introduces a 100% tax on alcohol and other “health-damaging goods”, doubling the price of alcohol, tobacco, energy drinks and pork in the oil-rich, predominantly Muslim nation
2021 – African Continental Free Trade Area, signed by 54 countries comes into effect, largely symbolically with full implementation expected to take years
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
