TODAY’S HISTORY LESSON: JAN 19

2002 – “Tuck Rule Game” AFC Divisional Playoff Game; with under 2 minutes to play New England Patriots trail Oakland Raiders, 13-10 in a driving snowstorm, when a Tom Brady fumble ruled an incomplete pass. Patriots win 16-13 in overtime

379 – Theodosius installed as co-emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire by Emperor Gratian

1363 – English King Edward III introduces his Sumptuary Laws, restricting what people ate and wore to preserve social status (largely ignored)

1419 – Rouen surrendered to Henry V, completing his conquest of Normandy.

1492 – Supplies to build Portuguese trading post Castelo de São Jorge da Mina (Elmina Castle) arrive on the Gold Coast (now Ghana), first European building south of the Sahara

1493 – France cedes Roussillon & Cerdagne to Spain by treaty of Barcelona

1520 – Sten Sture the Younger, Regent of Sweden, is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund

1547 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, is executed in the Tower of London for treason

1607 – San Agustin Church in Manila is officially completed; the oldest church in the Philippines

1668 – King Louis XIV & Emperor Leopold I sign treaty dividing Spain

1764 – John Wilkes was expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.

1793 – King Louis XVI was tried by the French Convention, found guilty of treason and sentenced to the guillotine.

1795 – Democratic revolution in Amsterdam ends oligarchy

1806 – United Kingdom re-occupies the Cape of Good Hope following victory in the Battle of Blaauwberg over French vassal, the Batavian Republic. Establishes British rule in South Africa.

1825 – Ezra Daggett and Thomas Kensett of New York City patented a canning process to preserve salmon, oysters and lobsters.

1829 – Goethe’s “Faust” (Part 1) is premiered, The work is considered one of the greatest works of German literature.

1847 – Mexican and indigenous Pueblo warriors kill territorial governor Charles Bent (47), and 5 others in a revolt against new American rulers in Taos, New Mexico Territory

1861 – Georgia seceded from the Union.

1863 – General Mieroslawski appointed dictator of Poland

1903 – French newspaper L’Auto announces new 5-stage, long distance bicycle race, “Tour de France”

1915 – George Claude, of Paris, France, patented the neon discharge tube for use in advertising signs.

1915 – More than 20 people were killed when German zeppelins bombed England for the first time. The bombs were dropped on Great Yarmouth and King’s Lynn.

1922 – Geological survey says US oil supply would be depleted in 20 years

1923 – UK Chancellor of the Exchequer Stanley Baldwin and US Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon agree to reschedule repayment of Britain’s $4.5 billion war debt over 62 years

1934 – MLB Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis denies Joe Jackson’s appeal for reinstatement into baseball; Jackson was banned after 1919 “Black Sox” World Series

1940 – The Three Stooges film “You Nazty Spy!” about the Nazis released with the disclaimer “Any resemblance between the characters in this picture and any persons, living or dead, is a miracle.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7xQThy8HWM

1942 – The Japanese invaded Burma (later Myanmar).

1944 – The U.S. federal government relinquished control of the nation’s railroads after the settlement of a wage dispute.

1949 – The salary of the President of the United States was increased from $75,000 to $100,000 with an additional $50,000 expense allowance for each year in office.

1953 – Sixty-eight percent of all TV sets in the U.S. were tuned to CBS-TV, as Lucy Ricardo, of “I Love Lucy,” gave birth to a baby boy.

1955 – U.S. President Eisenhower allowed a filmed news conference to be used on television (and in movie newsreels) for the first time.

1957 – Philadelphia comedian, Ernie Kovacs, did a half-hour TV show without saying a single word of dialogue.

1966 – Indira Gandhi was elected prime minister of India.

1969 – In protest against the Russian invasion of 1968, Czech student Jan Palach set himself on fire in Prague’s Wenceslas Square.

1970 – Eight Bishops of the Roman Catholic Church in the Netherlands say there should be room in the church for both married priests and celibate priests

1970 – Nixon nominates G Harold Carswell to Supreme Court (fails)

1971 – At the Charles Manson murder trial, the Beatles’ “Helter Skelter” was played. At the scene of one of his gruesome murders, the words “helter skelter” were written on a mirror.

1977 – U.S. President Ford pardoned Iva Toguri D’Aquino (the “Tokyo Rose”).

1978 – The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW’s plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America would continue until 2003.

1979 – Former U.S. Attorney General John N. Mitchell was released on parole after serving 19 months at a federal prison in Alabama.

1981 – The U.S. and Iran signed an agreement paving the way for the release of 52 Americans held hostage for more than 14 months and for arrangements to unfreeze Iranian assets and to resolve all claims against Iran.

1983 – China announced that it was bannning 1983 purchases of cotton, soybeans and chemical fibers from the United States.

1983 – Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie is arrested in Bolivia. Barbie was known as the “Butcher of Lyon”.

1984 – California Supreme Court rejects the request of quadriplegic Elizabeth Bouvia’s to starve herself to death in a public hospital

1987 – Guy Hunt becomes Alabama’s 1st Republican governor since 1874

1989 – President Reagan pardons George Steinbrenner for illegal funds for Nixon

1991 – Iraq files SCUD missiles at Tel Aviv and other cities in Israel during the Gulf War

1993 – IBM announced a loss of $4.97 billion for 1992. It was the largest single-year loss in U.S. corporate history.

1995 – Russian forces overwhelmed the resistance forces in Chechnya.

1996 – U.S. first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton was subpoenaed to appear before a federal grand jury. The investigation was concerning the discovery of billing records related to the Whitewater real estate investment venture.

1997 – Yasser Arafat returned to Hebron for the first time in more than 30 years. He joined 60,000 Palestinians in celebration over the handover of the last West Bank city in Israeli control.

2001 – Mexican drug lord Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán escapes from Puente Grande maximum-security prison near Guadalajara by bribing prison guards and hiding in a laundry cart

2001 – Texas officials demoted a warden and suspended three other prison workers in the wake of the escape of the “Texas 7.”

2002 – “Tuck Rule Game” AFC Divisional Playoff Game; with under 2 minutes to play New England Patriots trail Oakland Raiders, 13-10 in a driving snowstorm, when a Tom Brady fumble ruled an incomplete pass. Patriots win 16-13 in overtime

2006 – NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft was launched. The mission was the first to investigate Pluto.

2007 – Turkish journalist Hrant Dink is assassinated, The murderer was a 17-year old Turkish nationalist who disagreed with Dink’s view on the Turkish denial of the Armenian Genocide of 1915.

2012 – FBI shuts down Megaupload.com for alleged copyright infringement, hacker group Anonymous responds by attacking government and entertainment industry websites

2017 – Adama Barrow sworn in as President of Gambia in Dahkar as Senegalese troops enter Gambia to persuade former President Yahya Jammeh to leave

2017 – Mexican drug lord Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán is extradited to the United States to face trial for his leadership of the Sinaloa drug cartel

2022 – Major report on antimicrobial resistance shows 4.95m deaths worldwide associated with drug-resistant bacteria, making untreatable infections now a leading cause of death

REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com