1898 – On June 10, 1898, U.S. Marines landed at Guantánamo Bay. For the next month, American troops fought a land war in Cuba that resulted in the end of Spanish colonial rule in the Western Hemisphere
1190 – Third Crusade: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa drowns while crossing the Saleph River (modern Turkey) leading an army to Jerusalem
1502 – Crimean Khan defeats the Great Horde in battle near Worskla, leading to disintegration of the Great Horde
1540 – Thomas Cromwell arrested in Westminster
1692 – The first victim of the Salem witch trials, Bridget Bishop, is hanged for witchcraft in the colony of Massachusetts
1776 – The Continental Congress appointed a committee to write a Declaration of Independence.
1793 – The Jardin des Plantes zoo opened in Paris. It was the first public zoo.
1801 – The North African State of Tripoli declared war on the U.S. The dispute was over merchant vessels being able to travel safely through the Mediterranean.
1845 – Andrew Jackson’s African Grey parrot “Poll” is removed from his funeral for swearing at The Hermitage, Tennessee. Funeral attendee William Menefee Norment recorded: “Before the sermon and while the crowd was gathering, a wicked parrot that was a household pet got excited and commenced swearing so loud and long as to disturb the people and had to be carried from the house”
1882 – Anti-colonization mass society of Alexandria Egypt kills 50 Europeans
1898 – US Marines land in Cuba during Spanish–American War https://www.history.com/news/6-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-spanish-american-war
1907 – France and Japan sign an agreement to maintain the independence and integrity of China, equality for all nations in trading with China, and the status quo in the Far East
1916 – Mecca, under control of the Turks, fell to the Arabs during the Great Arab Revolt.
1917 – 60,000 people of Petrograd Russia welcome Prince Kropotkin (banned 41 years) returning after February Russian Revolution
1920 – The Republican convention in Chicago endorsed woman suffrage.
1924 – The Republican National Convention was broadcast by NBC radio. It was the first political convention to be on radio.
1925 – The state of Tennessee adopted a new biology text book that denied the theory of evolution.
1935 – Alcoholic Anonymous was founded by William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.
1942 – Nazis kill all inhabitants of Lidice, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (now Czech Republic) which had been implicated in the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, Nazi controller of Bohemia and Moravia, to “teach the Czechs a final lesson of subservience and humility”; over 170 adult men were executed by firing squad on site, women and children were sent to concentration camp gas chambers, and the village was burned down and plowed under
1943 – The Allies began bombing Germany around the clock.
1943 – Heinrich Himmler ordered the final liquidation of Lodz ghetto in occupied Poland
1944 – The youngest pitcher in major league baseball pitched his first game. Joe Nuxhall was 15 years old (and 10 months and 11 days).
1952 – US President Harry Truman expresses a desire to nationalize the steel industry
1963 – US Equal Pay Act signed into law by President John F. Kennedy
1967 – Israel and Syria agreed to a cease-fire that ended the Six-Day War.
1970 – A fifteen-man group of special forces troops began training for Operation Kingpin. The operation was a POW rescue mission in North Vietnam.
1971 – The U.S. ended a 21-year trade embargo of China.
1975 – Rockefeller panel reports on 300,000 illegal CIA files on Americans
1984 – The United States and the Vatican established full diplomatic relations for the first time in 117 years.
1984 – US missile shoots down an incoming missile in space for first time
1985 – The Israeli army pulled out of Lebanon after 1,099 days of occupation.
1986 – In South Africa, the three-year-old ‘State of Emergency’ is renewed for another twelve months, followed by an organized campaign of civil disobedience against it
1993 – It was announced by scientists that genetic material was extracted from an insect that lived when dinosaurs roamed the Earth.
1994 – U.S. President Clinton intensified sanctions against Haiti’s military leaders. U.S. commercial air travel was suspended along with most financial transactions between Haiti and the U.S.
1997 – Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen’s family members before Pol Pot flees his northern stronghold
1998 – The Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled that poor children in Milwaukee could attend religious schools at taxpayer expense.
1999 – The Kosovo War ends – Slobodan Milošević, then President of Serbia, agreed to withdraw his troops from the disputed territory following a massive NATO bombing campaign. NATO’s involvement has been criticized for its lack of a U.N. mandate.
2003 – The Spirit Rover is launched, beginning NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover mission
2013 – 70 people are killed as a series of bombs explode across Iraq
2019 – Three men sentenced to life imprisonment for rape and murder of eight-year-old Muslim girl in Kathua, India in high-profile case that sparked political resignations and nationwide protests
2020 – Statues of Confederate figures and explorers become focus of #BlackLivesMatter protests, with many removed including of Confederate President Jefferson Davis and of Christopher Columbus in Richmond
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
