1963 – Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is shot dead in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
0028 – Roman General Gaius Carrinas’ triumphant procession through Rome, awarded for fighting in Gaul
1099 – Crusade leaders visited the Mount of Olives where they met a hermit who urged them to assault Jerusalem.
1381 – Peasants’ Revolt: In England rebels arrive at Blackheath.
1429 – Hundred Years’ War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
1442 – Alfonso V of Aragon was crowned King of Naples.
1665 – English rename New Amsterdam, New York, after Dutch pull out
1665 – England installed a municipal government in New York. It was the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam.
1701 – Act of Settlement gives English and Scottish crown to Sophia, Princess of Hanover (as granddaughter of James VI and I of Scotland and England). Her son George I inherits in 1714.
1787 – Delegates to the Constitutional Convention (held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) agree to requirement providing a senator must be at least 30 years old
1812 – Napoleon’s invasion of Russia began.
1830 – Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers landed 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch
1838 – The Iowa Territory was organized.
1839 – Abner Doubleday created the game of baseball, according to the legend.
1849 – Lewis Haslett patented a gas mask. (Patent US6529 A)
1897 – Carl Elsener patented his penknife. The object later became known as the Swiss army knife.
1898 – Philippine nationalists declared their independence from Spain.
1900 – The Reichstag approved a second law that would allow the expansion of the German navy.
1901 – Cuba agreed to become an American protectorate by accepting the Platt Amendment.
1917 – Secret Service extends protection of president to his family
1918 – The first airplane bombing raid by an American unit occurred on World War I’s Western Front in France.
1921 – U.S. President Warren Harding urged every young man to attend military training camp.
1923 – Harry Houdini, while suspended upside down 40 feet above the ground, escaped from a strait jacket.
1926 – Brazil quit the League of Nations in protest over plans to admit Germany.
1931 – Al Capone is indicted for violating Prohibition laws.
1935 – U.S. Senator Huey Long of Louisiana made the longest speech on Senate record. The speech took 15 1/2 hours and was filled by 150,000 words.
1935 – The Chaco War was ended with a truce. Bolivia and Paraguay had been fighting since 1932.
1937 – The Soviet Union executed eight army leaders under Joseph Stalin.
1939 – The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum was dedicated in Cooperstown, New York.
1943 – Holocaust: German Nazis liquidate Jewish Ghetto in Berezhany, western Ukraine. On Saturday morning, 1,180 Jews of Berezhany were led to face death at city’s old Jewish graveyard, where they had been shot into a mass grave
1944 – Chinese Communist leader Mao Tse-tung announced that he would support Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek in the war against Japan.
1963 – “Cleopatra” starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison, and Richard Burton premiered at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City.
1963 – Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is shot dead in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/beckwith-convicted-of-killing-medgar-evers
1964 – Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
1967 – State laws which prohibited interracial marriages were ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court.
1967 – Race riot in Cincinnati Ohio (300 arrested)
1973 – Coleraine bombings: six Protestant civilians were killed and 33 wounded by a Provisional Irish Republican Army car bomb in Coleraine, County Londonderry
1975 – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was found guilty of corrupt election practices in 1971.
1978 – David Berkowitz, the “”Son of Sam”” killer in New York City, is sentenced to 25 yrs to life
1982 – 75,000 people rallied against nuclear weapons in New York City’s Central Park. Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Bruce Springsteen, and Linda Ronstadt were in attendance.
1985 – The U.S. House of Representatives approved $27 million in aid to the Nicaraguan contras.
1986 – South Africa declared a national state of emergency. Virtually unlimited power was given to security forces and restrictions were put on news coverage of the unrest.
1987 – Ronald Reagan challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to “tear down this wall”, The U.S. President held his famous speech near the Berlin Wall, one of the most important symbols for the division between East and West during the Cold War. The wall was dismantled in 1989, but many observers doubt that Reagan’s famous catchphrase had any impact on this decision. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/reagan-challenges-gorbachev-to-tear-down-the-berlin-wall
1987 – Central African Republic ex-emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa sentenced to death
1990 – The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declared its sovereignty.
1991 – Russians went to the election polls and elected Boris N. Yeltsin as the president of their republic.
1992 – In a letter to the U.S. Senate, Russian Boris Yeltsin stated that in the early 1950’s the Soviet Union had shot down nine U.S. planes and held 12 American survivors.
1994 – Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside her home in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit
1996 – In Philadelphia a panel of federal judges blocked a law against indecency on the internet. The panel said that the 1996 Communications Decency Act would infringe upon the free speech rights of adults.
1999 – NATO peacekeeping forces entered the province of Kosovo in Yugoslavia.
2000 – Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing Bus #174 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the highly-publicized standoff becomes a media circus and ends with the death of do Nascimento and a hostage.
2003 – In Arkansas, Terry Wallis spoke for the first time in nearly 19 years. Wallis had been in a coma since July 13, 1984, after being injured in a car accident.
2009 – In the U.S., The switch from analog TV trasmission to digital was completed.
2012 – The chemical compound NOTT-202, which is capable of selectively absorbing carbon dioxide, is created
2013 – Russia passes a law banning gay propaganda
2015 – Al-Qaeda’s 2nd-in-command Nasser al-Wuhayshi (Osama Bin Laden’s former private secretary) is killed in a US air strike in Yemen
2016 – Mass Shooting at Pulse Nightclub in Orlando, Florida Kills 49 People https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/what-really-happened-night-pulse-n882571
2017 – Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny sentenced to 30 days administrative arrest for organizing rallies
2018 – Singapore Summit between North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and US President Donald Trump – first time a North Korean leader and an incumbent US President have ever met
2019 – World’s largest sovereign wealth fund, Norway’s Government Pension Fund, worth $1 trillion, gets authorization to drop fossil fuel investments from Norway’s government
2020 – African American Rayshard Brooks shot dead in drive-through carpark in Atlanta leading to further protests at police violence and the resignation of city’s police chief
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
