1933 – Nazis ceremonially burn about 25,000 allegedly “un-German” books. The book burnings were part of the right-wing German Student Union’s Action against the Un-German Spirit. Among the burnt books were works by Albert Einstein, Bertolt Brecht, Sigmund Freud, and Franz Kafka.
1267 – Vienna’s church orders all Jews to wear a distinctive garb
1278 – Jews of England imprisoned on charges of coining
1497 – Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci leaves for first voyage to New World
1503 – Christopher Columbus visits the Cayman Islands and names them Las Tortugas after the numerous sea turtles there.
1534 – Off Cape Bonavista Newfoundland Jacques Cartier 1491-1557 sights Cape Bonavista after three week crossing from France; stopped ten days by ice; then skirts east coast of Newfoundland; his first voyage to Canada
1570 – Czar Ivan IV becomes Protestant
1676 – In Virginia, Bacon’s Rebellion began. Nathaniel Bacon led the the rebellion which pitted frontiersmen against the government.
1768 – The imprisonment of the journalist John Wilkes as an outlaw provoked violence in London. Wilkes was returned to parliament as a member for Middlesex.
1773 – The English Parliament passed the Tea Act, which taxed all tea in the American colonies. The legislation led to the Boston Tea Party.
1774 – Louis XVI ascended the throne of France.
1775 – Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold led an attack on the British Fort Ticonderoga and captured it from the British.
1796 – Napoleon Bonaparte won a brilliant victory against the Austrians at Lodi bridge in Italy.
1801 – First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States.
1837 – Panic of 1837: New York City banks fail, and unemployment reaches record levels.
1840 – Mormon leader Joseph Smith moved his band of followers to Illinois to escape the hostilities they had experienced in Missouri.
1857 – The Seepoys of India revolted against the British Army.
1865 – Confederate President Jefferson Davis was captured by Union troops near Irvinville, GA.
1869 – Central Pacific and Union Pacific Rail Roads meet in Promontory, UT. A golden spike was driven in at the celebration of the first transcontinental railroad in the U.S.
1872 – Victoria Woodhull became the first woman nominated for the U.S. presidency.
1876 – Richard Wagner’s “Centennial Inaugural March” was heard for the first time at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, PA.
1898 – A vending machine law was enacted in Omaha, NE. It cost $5,000 for a permit.
1902 – Portugal goes bankrupt, but its parliament passes a bill converting its external debt. Contributing to Portugal’s troubles is recent revolt in its colony of Angola, put down 6 September
1904 – In Germany, the Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG was founded. It would eventually become the Audi company.
1908 – The first Mother’s Day observance took place during a church service in Grafton, West Virginia.
1915 – Canadian physician Cluny MacPherson first presents his gas mask invention to the British War Office
1922 – American captain Edmund Fanning discovered Kingman Reef between the Hawaiian Islands and American Somoa.
1924 – J. Edgar Hoover was appointed head of the Bureau of Investigation. The department became known as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).
1927 – The Hotel Statler in Boston, MA. became the first hotel to install radio headsets in each of its 1,300 rooms.
1933 – Nazis ceremonially burn about 25,000 allegedly “un-German” books. The book burnings were part of the right-wing German Student Union’s Action against the Un-German Spirit. Among the burnt books were works by Albert Einstein, Bertolt Brecht, Sigmund Freud, and Franz Kafka.
1940 – Germany invaded Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
1941 – England’s House of Commons was destroyed by a German air raid.
1941 – Adolf Hitler’s deputy, Rudolf Hess, parachutes into Scotland to broker a peace agreement. Hess was captured and interrogated. He was the last in a long line of prominent figures to be incarcerated in the Tower of London. Hitler characterized his peace mission four years before the end of World War II as treason.
1942 – U.S. forces in the Philippines began to surrender to the Japanese.
1943 – U.S. troops invaded Attu in the Aleutian Islands to expel the Japanese.
1954 – Bill Haley releases “Rock Around the Clock”. It was the first rock song to top the Billboard charts and has become a classic of the early rock era.
1960 – The U.S.S. Triton completed the first circumnavigation of the globe under water. The trip started on February 16.
1962 – Marvel Comics published the first issue of “The Incredible Hulk.”
1968 – Preliminary Vietnam peace talks began in Paris.
1969 – The National and American Football Leagues announced their plans to merge for the 1970-71 season.
1969 – The Battle of Dong Ap Bia begins with an assault on Hill 937. It will ultimately become known as Hamburger Hill.
1978 – Britain’s Princess Margaret and the Earl of Snowdon announced they were divorcing after 18 years of marriage.
1986 – Navy Lt. Commander Donnie Cochran became the first black pilot to fly with the Blue Angels team.
1989 – General Manuel Noriega’s Government nullifies country’s elections, which the opposition had won by a 3-1 margin
1994 – Silvio Berlusconi forms Italian government with 5 neo-fascists
1994 – Nelson Mandela was sworn in as South Africa’s first black president. Mandela’s inauguration came after more than 300 years of white rule. Before becoming president, he was a pivotal figure in the fight against the racist apartheid regime and was incarcerated for 27 years.
1999 – China broke off talks on human rights with the U.S. in response to NATO’s accidental bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia.
2000 – 11,000 residents were evacuated in Los Alamos, NM, due to a fire that was blown into a canyon. The fire had been deliberately set to clear brush.
2001 – In Ghana, 121 people were killed in a stampede at a soccer game.
2002 – Robert Hanssen was sentenced to life in prison with no chance for parole. Hanssen, an FBI agent, had sold U.S. secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
2002 – Taiwan test fired a locally made Sky Bow II surface-to-air missile for the first time. They also fired three U.S.-made Hawk missiles.
2002 – Dr. Pepper announced that it would be introducing a new flavor, Red Fusion, for the first time in 117 years.
2005 – A hand grenade allegedly thrown by Vladimir Arutinian lands about 65 feet (20 metres) from United States President George W. Bush while he was giving a speech to a crowd in Tbilisi, Georgia, but it malfunctions and does not detonate.”
2008 – Philippine court acquits Imelda Marcos in a 17-year-old case of 32 counts of illegal transfer of wealth totaling $863 million in Swiss bank accounts
2011 – It was announced that Microsoft had closed a deal to purchase the internet phone service Skype for $8.5 billion.
2012 – Pope Benedict XVI signs decree of canonization of Benedictine nun and composer Hildegard von Bingen, completing sainthood process started in 1228
2013 – In New York, NY, crane operators hoisted the final pieces of the spire atop One World Trade Center (formerly called the Freedom Tower).
2013 – The IRS (Internal Revenue Service) apologized for the “inappropriate” targeting of conservative political groups about their tax-exempt status during the 2012 election.
2016 – NASA announced that it’s Kepler mission had verified 1,284 new planets. This was the single largest finding of planets to date.
2017 – US President Donald Trump shares classified information about ISIS plot with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Ambassador Sergey Kislyak in the Oval Office
2019 – US begins raising tariffs on $250 billion of Chinese imports to 25% after trade talks fail
2020 – Global confirmed cases of COVID-19 rise above 4 million with death toll above 270,000, according to Johns Hopkins
2021 – Chinese safari park in Fuyang forced to apologize for not informing the public that three leopards had escaped April 19 and been roaming nearby neighborhoods
2021 – Violence escalates between Palestinians and Israelis after Israeli officers enter Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, rockets then fired from Gaza and airstrikes from Israel kill at least 31
2022 – US reports highest rate of gun-related deaths in 24 years in 2020, according to the CDC, with firearm homicides increasing 35% to 6.1 deaths per 100,000 people nationwide
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
