1970 – Phillip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green, two black students at Jackson State University in Mississippi, were killed when police opened fire during student protests.
1222 – Mongolian leader Genghis Khan meets the leader of the Taoist Dragon Gate sect Chang Chun at his camp in Parwan (Afghanistan)
1252 – Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad exstirpanda, which authorizes the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition.
1492 – Cheese & Bread rebellion: German mercenaries kills 232 Alkmaarse
1525 – The battle of Frankenhausen: German peasant army surrounded, 5,000 slaughtered ; ends the peasants’ uprising
1536 – Anna Boleyn & Lord Rochford accused of adultery/incest
1567 – Mary Queen of Scots weds James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, her third husband.
1602 – Cape Cod was discovered by Bartholomew Gosnold.
1618 – Johannes Kepler confirms his previously rejected discovery of the third law of planetary motion (he first discovered it on March 8 but soon rejected the idea after some initial calculations were made).
1702 – The War of Spanish Succession began.
1718 – James Puckle, a London lawyer, patents the world’s first machine gun.
1768 – Under the Treaty of Versailles, France purchased Corsica from Genoa.
1792 – War of the First Coalition, France declares war on Kingdom of Sardinia.
1795 – Napoleon entered the Lombardian capital of Milan.
1800 – King George III survives a 2nd assassination attempt
1817 – Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1841 – First emigrant wagon train to make it to California leaves Independence, Missouri on a 1,730 mile journey over the Sierra Nevada
1849 – Neapolitan troops entered Palermo, and were in possession of Sicily.
1862 – General Benjamin F Butler issues “”Woman’s Order”” – women of New Orleans to be treated as whores as a result of their treatment of Union soldiers
1869 – In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman Suffrage Association
1882 – May Laws-Czar Alexander III bans Jews from living in rural Romania
1911 – The U.S. Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of Standard Oil Company, ruling it was in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.
1916 – U.S. Marines landed in Santo Domingo to quell civil disorder.
1919 – The Winnipeg General Strike began. By 11:00, virtually the entire working population of Winnipeg had walked off the job
1926 – Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth were forced down in Alaska after a four-day flight over an icecap. Ice had begun to form on the dirigible Norge.
1928 – Release of the animated short “”Plane Crazy””, featuring the first appearances of Mickey and Minnie Mouse.”
1929 – A fire at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio kills 123
1930 – Ellen Church became the first female flight attendant.
1932 – The 15th May Incident: in an attempted coup d’état, the Prime Minister of Japan Inukai Tsuyoshi is shot and killed by Navy officers in his home
1940 – Nylon stockings went on sale for the first time in the U.S.
1942 – Gasoline rationing began in the U.S. The limit was 3 gallons a week for nonessential vehicles.
1944 – Deportation of Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz begins.
1948 – Israel was attacked by Transjordan, Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon only hours after declaring its independence.
1951 – AT&T became the first corporation to have one million stockholders.
1957 – 18,000 people at Madison Square Garden-Billy Graham launched a crusade
1958 – Sputnik III, the first space laboratory, was launched in the Soviet Union.
1960 – Taxes took 25% of earnings in US
1963 – The last Project Mercury space flight was launched. Mercury-Atlas 9 with astronaut L. Gordon Cooper onboard. He became the first American to spend more than a day in space.
1967 – US Supreme Court rules juveniles accused of crimes should be given same legal rights as adults
1970 – Phillip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green, two black students at Jackson State University in Mississippi, were killed when police opened fire during student protests.
1972 – Alabama Gov. George C. Wallace was shot by Arthur Bremer in Laurel, MD while campaigning for the U.S. presidency. Wallace was paralyzed by the shot.
1975 – The merchant ship U.S. Mayaguez was recaptured from Cambodia’s Khmer Rouge.
1978 – Lagumot Harris, having only been elected President less than a month before, is replaced as the leader of the republic of Nauru. He is succeeded by Hammer DeRoburt
1980 – The first transcontinental balloon crossing of the United States took place.
1986 – Former President of Argentina Leopoldo Galtieri is sentenced to 12 years in prison for mishandling the Falkland Islands War
1988 – The Soviet Union began their withdrawal of its 115,000 troops from Afghanistan. Soviet forces had been there for more than eight years.
1989 – Maxwell House coffee runs ads during “”Roe vs Wade”” movie despite threat of boycott by right to lifers
1997 – The Space shuttle Atlantis blasted off on a mission to deliver urgently needed repair equipment and a fresh American astronaut to Russia’s orbiting Mir station.
1999 – The Russian parliament was unable a attain enough votes to impeach President Boris Yeltsin.
2004 – The largest known prime number at the time of its discovery, 224036583 1, is found by Josh Findley and the GIMPS collaborative effort.
2008 – California becomes the second U.S. state after Massachusetts in 2004 to legalize same-sex marriage after the state’s own Supreme Court rules a previous ban unconstitutional.
2014 – The National September 11 Memorial Museum was dedicated in New York City.
2017 – 1st US prosecution under federal Hate Crimes Act of violence against transgender person, murder of Mercedes Williamson
2018 – 58 Palestinians killed by Israeli forces and 1700 hospitalized on the Gaza border protesting opening of US embassy in Jerusalem and 70 year founding of Israel
2019 – Alabama passes law banning abortion in almost all cases including rape or incest
2022 – Hassan Sheikh Mohamud elected President of Somalia in a vote restricted to the country’s 328 members pf parliament amid security concerns
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
