1954 – The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled for school integration in Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. The ruling declared that racially segregated schools were inherently unequal.
1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason
1536 – Anne Boleyn’s 4 “lovers” executed
1540 – Afghan chief Sher Khan defeated Mongul Emperor Humayun at Kanauj.
1630 – Italian Jesuit Niccolo Zucchi saw the belts on Jupiter’s surface.
1673 – Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette begin exploring the Mississippi River.
1681 – Louis XIV sent an expedition to aid James II in Ireland. As a result, England declares war on France.
1733 – England passes Molasses Act, putting high tariffs on rum & molasses imported to the colonies from a country other than British possessions
1756 – Britain declared war on France, beginning the French and Indian War.
1757 – War speculators raise the prices of bread and meat by 1000%; 4 oz. of bread the daily ration in Quebec
1792 – The New York Stock Exchange was founded at 70 Wall Street by 24 brokers.
1809 – Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire.
1814 – Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden. Norway’s constitution, which provided a limited monarchy, was signed.
1876 – 7th US Cavalry under Custer leaves Fort Lincoln
1877 – The first telephone switchboard burglar alarm was installed by Edwin T. Holmes.
1881 – Frederick Douglass was appointed recorder of deeds for Washington, DC.
1884 – President Chester A. Arthur changed the status of Alaska. It became the District of Alaska, under a reorganization plan that put civilians in control
1902 – Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer.
1909 – White firemen on Georgia RR strike to protest hiring blacks
1918 – Almost the entire leadership of Sinn Fin are arrested.
1926 – The U.S. Embassy in Buenos Aires was damaged by bombs that were believed set by sympathizers of Sacco and Vanzetti.
1932 – The U.S. Congress changed the name “Porto Rico” to “Puerto Rico.”
1938 – Congress approves Vinson Naval Act, which funds a two-ocean navy
1939 – King George VI 1895-1952 and Queen Elizabeth disembark at Wolfe’s Cove from the CP ship Empress of Australia to start a month-long royal visit to Canada
1940 – Germany occupied Brussels, Belgium and began the invasion of France.
1946 – U.S. President Truman seized control of the nation’s railroads, delaying a threatened strike by engineers and trainmen.
1948 – The Soviet Union recognized the new state of Israel.
1954 – The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled for school integration in Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka. The ruling declared that racially segregated schools were inherently unequal. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka
1961 – Castro offers to exchange Bay of Pigs prisoners for 500 bulldozers
1963 – Bruno Sammartino defeats Nature Boy Buddy Rogers in 48 seconds in Madison Square Garden for the WWWF Heavyweight Championship. It begins the longest heavyweight championship reign in pro wrestling history.
1967 – Six-Day War: President Abdul Nasser of Egypt demands dismantling of the peace-keeping UN Emergency Force in Egypt.
1971 – Washington State bans sex discrimination
1972 – Germany ratifies the Treaty of Warsaw, Chancellor Willy Brandt signed the treaty, by which Germany gives up any territorial claims and guarantees the Oder-Neisse line as the valid border to Poland.
1973 – The U.S. Senate Watergate Committee began its hearings.
1974 – Thirty-three people are killed by terrorist bombings in Dublin and Monaghan, Ireland
1980 – General Chun Doo-hwan of South Korea declares martial law in order to suppress student demonstrations.
1980 – Rioting erupted in Miami’s Liberty City neighborhood after an all-white jury in Tampa acquitted four former Miami police officers of fatally beating black insurance executive Arthur McDuffie. Eight people were killed in the rioting.
1987 – An Iraqi warplane attacked the U.S. Navy frigate Stark in the Persian Gulf, killing 37 American sailors. Iraq and the United States called the attack a mistake.
1990 – The WHO deletes homosexuality from its list of mental diseases, Precisely 14 years later, the first same-sex marriages in the United States were performed as Massachusetts became the first state to legalize them.
1992 – In Thailand, the so-called Black May begins. Thai police and protestors start attacking one another. By midnight, the current Thai government declares a state of emergency, and military troops open fire.
1996 – U.S. President Clinton signed a measure requiring neighborhood notification when sex offenders move in. Megan’s Law was named for 7-year-old Megan Kanka, who was raped and killed in 1994.
1997 – Rebel leader Kabila declared himself president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire.
1999 – Eric Ford, a tabloid photographer, was sentenced to 6 months at a halfway house, 3 years probation and 150 hours of community service. The sentence stemmed from a charge that Ford had eavesdropped on a call between Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman and then sold a recording of the conversation.
1999 – Ehud Barak becomes Prime Minister of Israel, During his tenure, Barak attempted to revive the peace negotiations with the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). However, his efforts were unsuccessful.
2000 – Thomas E. Blanton Jr. and David Luker surrendered to police in Birmingham, AL. The two former Ku Klux Klan members were arrested on charges from the bombing of a church in 1963 that killed four young black girls.
2000 – Austria, the U.S. and six other countries agreed on the broad outline of a plan that would compensate Nazi-Era forced lab
2000 – It was announced that Terra Networks SA and Lycos would be merging with the new name to be Terra Lycos. Terra made the deal happen with the purchase of $12.5 billion in stock.
2001 – US President George W. Bush calls for reduced regulations to encourage more oil, gas, and nuclear production
2006 – The U.S. aircraft carrier Oriskany was sunk about 24 miles off Pensacola Beach. It was the first vessel sunk under a Navy program to dispose of old warships by turning them into diving attractions. It was the largest man-made reef at the time of the sinking.
2007 – Trains crossed the border dividing North and South Korea for the first time since 1953.
2007 – Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke says the growing number of mortgage defaults will not seriously harm the U.S. Economy
2013 – 90 people are killed and 200 are injured after a series of bombings across Iraq
2015 – Gun fight between rival biker gangs and police in Waco, Texas leaves 9 dead and 18 injured. 170 later arrested for organised crime.
2016 – The U.S. Senate approved legislation that would allow families of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks to sue the government of Saudi Arabia.
2018 – Michigan State University will pay $500 million in claims to 300 survivors of sexual abuse involving Larry Nassar. Largest sexual abuse case in sports history.
2020 – Former US President Barack Obama criticizes the US government’s handling of the pandemic during an online address to graduates, saying officials “aren’t even pretending to be in charge”
2021 – Long working hours killed 745,000 people a year, in 2016, in the first study of its kind by the World Health Organization
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
