1962 – Marilyn Monroe performed a sultry rendition of “Happy Birthday” for U.S. President John F. Kennedy. The event was a fund-raiser at New York’s Madison Square Garden.
1182 – The high altar of Paris cathedral Notre Dame is consecrated by Cardinal Henri de Château-Marçay and Maurice de Sully
1506 – Columbus selects his son Diego as sole heir
1535 – French explorer Jacques Cartier set sail for North America.
1568 – After being defeated by the Protestants, Mary the Queen of Scots, fled to England where she was imprisoned by Queen Elizabeth.
1588 – The Spanish Armada set sail from Lisbon, bound for England.
1608 – The Protestant states formed the Evangelical Union of Lutherans and Calvinists.
1643 – Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut & New Harbor form United Colonies of New England
1643 – The French army defeated a Spanish army at Rocroi, France.
1649 – An Act declaring England a Commonwealth is passed by the Long Parliament. England would be a republic for the next eleven years.
1743 – Jean-Pierre Christin invents the Celsius thermometer
1780 – About midday, near-total darkness descends on much of New England to this day its cause is still unexplained
1796 – The first U.S. game law was approved. The measure called for penalties for hunting or destroying game within Indian territory.
1802 – The Legion of Honor (Legion d’Honneur) created by Bonaparte gives him a tool comparable to the orders of knighthood so that he may avoid criticism of his government by keeping his courtiers busy with matters of etiquette and protocol
1828 – U.S. President John Quincy Adams signs the Tariff of 1828 into law, protecting wool manufacturers in the United States
1847 – The first English-style railroad coach was placed in service on the Fall River Line in Massachusetts.
1856 – U.S. Senator Charles Sumner spoke out against slavery.
1857 – The electric fire alarm system was patented by William F. Channing and Moses G. Farmer.
1858 – A pro-slavery band led by Charles Hameton executed unarmed Free State men near Marais des Cygnes on the Kansas-Missouri border.
1862 – Homestead Act becomes law provides cheap land for settlement of West
1911 – The first American criminal conviction that was based on fingerprint evidence occurred in New York City.
1919 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk sets off the Turkish War of Independence
1921 – The U.S. Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act, which established national quotas for immigrants.
1926 – Thomas Edison spoke on the radio for the first time.
1926 – Benito Mussolini announced that democracy was deceased. Rome became a fascist state.
1926 – In Damascus, Syria, French shells killed 600 people.
1930 – White woman win voting rights in South-Africa
1943 – Winston Churchill told the U.S. Congress that his country was pledging their full support in the war against Japan.
1944 – 240 gypsies transported to Auschwitz from Westerbork Netherlands
1954 – Postmaster General Summerfield approves CIA mail-opening project
1958 – Canada and the U.S. formally established the North American Air Defense Command.
1959 – The North Vietnamese Army begins organizing the Ho Chi Minh trail
1960 – Alan Freed & eight other DJs accused of taking radio payola
1962 – Marilyn Monroe performed a sultry rendition of “Happy Birthday” for U.S. President John F. Kennedy. The event was a fund-raiser at New York’s Madison Square Garden. https://www.history.com/news/marilyn-monroe-happy-birthday-mr-president-jfk
1963 – Martin Luther King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail is published, King used the open letter to defend his nonviolent resistance against racism and segregation. It became one of the central texts for the civil rights movement in the United States.
1967 – The Soviet Union ratified a treaty with the United States and Britain that banned nuclear weapons from outer space.
1974 – Erno Rubik invented the puzzle what would later become known as the Rubik’s Cube.
1976 – Senate establishes permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
1981 – The Empire State Building was designated a New York City Landmark.
1988 – In Jacksonville, FL, Carlos Lehder Rivas was convicted of smuggling more than three tons of cocaine into the United States. Rivas was the co-founder of Colombia’s Medellin drug cartel.
1991 – Croatians vote for independence at their independence referendum.
1992 – U.S. Vice President Dan Quayle criticized the CBS sitcom “Murphy Brown” for having its title character decide to bear a child out of wedlock.
1992 – In Massapequa, NY, Mary Jo Buttafuoco was shot and seriously wounded by Amy Fisher. Fisher was her husband Joey’s teen-age lover.
1992 – The 27th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect. The amendment prohibits Congress from giving itself midterm pay raises.
1998 – In Russia, strikes broke out over unpaid wages.
2000 – The bones of the most complete and best-preserved Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton went on display in Chicago.
2003 – It was announced that Worldcom Inc. would pay investors $500 million to settle civil fraud charges over its $11 billion accounting scandal.
2003 – Hundreds of Albert Einstein’s scientific papers, personal letters and humanist essays were make available on the Internet. Einstein had given the papers to the Hebrew Universtiy of Jerusalem in his will.
2009 – Sri Lanka announces victory in its 25-year war against the terrorist organization, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
2011 – Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, project to search for dark matter, led by Samuel C. C. Ting, installed on the International Space Station
2015 – Historic first handshake between Prince Charles and Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams at the National University of Ireland in Galway
2019 – US billionaire Robert F. Smith announces he will pay off college loans of nearly 400 students of the graduating class of Morehouse College, Atlanta
2020 – Greenhouse gas emissions dropped 17% worldwide in April 2020 when world was in lockdown, in study published in “Nature Climate Change”
2021 – The EU agrees to open its borders to vaccinated travelers from safe countries
2022 – Argentine landmark criminal trial finds state responsible for massacre of more than 400 Qom and Moqoit people in 1924 in the Chaco region. First trial of its kind in Latin America
2022 – Oklahoma passes a bill banning nearly all abortions, the most restrictive in the country
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
