1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin met in Tehran to map out strategy concerning World War II.
1291 – Eleanor of Castile, wife of King Edward I of England, dies in Northamptonshire. Crosses are erected where her body rests on the way to London.
1520 – Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan reached the Pacific Ocean after passing through the South American strait. The strait was named after him. He was the first European to sail the Pacific from the east.
1717 – Blackbeard attacks and captures a French merchant slave ship, which he renames as his flagship the “Queen Anne’s Revenge”
1720 – Anne Bonny and Mary Read are tried, found guilty of pirating, and sentenced to death in Spanish Town, Jamaica, although their discovered pregnancies win them stays of execution
1729 – Natchez Indians massacre 138 Frenchmen, 35 French women, and 56 children at Fort Rosalie, near the site of modern-day Natchez, Mississippi.
1745 – French troops and Indian forces attack Saratoga, NY, killing many and taking prisoners
1785 – The Treaty of Hopewell is signed between the Confederation Congress of the United States of America and the Cherokee people
1843 – Ka Lahui: Hawaiian Independence Day – The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
1853 – Olympia forms as capital of Washington Territory
1871 – Ku Klux Klan trials began in Federal District Court in South Carolina
1878 – Whistler v. Ruskin, the most famous trial in art history, ends with artist James McNeill Whistler awarded a token farthing in compensation after suing the writer and critic John Ruskin for libel, seeking £1,000 damages
1908 – 154 men die in coal mine explosion at Marianna, Pennsylvania
1914 – World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.
1918 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Prussia & Germany abdicates
1919 – American-born Lady Astor was elected the first female member of the British Parliament.
1922 – Capt. Cyril Turner of the Royal Air Force gave the first public exhibition of skywriting. He spelled out, “Hello USA. Call Vanderbilt 7200” over New York’s Times Square.
1933 – A Dallas grand jury delivers a murder indictment against Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow for the January 1933 killing of Tarrant County Deputy Malcolm Davis
1942 – In Boston, MA, 491 people died in a fire that destroyed the Coconut Grove.
1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin met in Tehran to map out strategy concerning World War II.
1951 – Military coup under Col Adib el-Shishakli in Syria
1953 – New York City began 11 days without newspapers due to a strike of photoengravers.
1958 – The African nation of Chad became an autonomous republic within the French community.
1960 – CBS radio expands hourly news coverage from 5 to 10 minutes
1963 – U.S. President Johnson announced that Cape Canaveral would be renamed Cape Kennedy in honor of his assassinated predecessor. The name was changed back to Cape Canaveral in 1973 by a vote of residents.
1964 – The U.S. launched the space probe Mariner IV from Cape Kennedy on a course set for Mars.
1967 – Graduate student Jocelyn Bell and her advisor Antony Hewish at Cambridge University were the first people to observe and discover pulsars. Pulsars are rapidly spinning neutron magnetized stars that emit radiation.
1975 – “As the World Turns” and “The Edge of Night”, the final two American soap operas that had resisted going to pre-taped broadcasts, air their last live episodes.
1975 – East Timor declared its independence from Portugal
1978 – The Iranian government banned religious marches.
1978 – Atlantic Records releases “Briefcase Full of Blues”, the debut album by The Blues Brothers (Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi); album tops the chart and becomes best-selling blues record of all-time
1979 – An Air New Zealand DC-10 flying to the South Pole crashed in Antarctica killing all 257 people aboard.
1984 – Over 250 years after their deaths, William Penn and his wife Hannah Callowhill Penn are made Honorary Citizens of the United States
1986 – US Reagan administration exceeds SALT II arms limitations for 1st time
1987 – A South African Airways Boeing 747 crashed into the Indian Ocean. All 159 people aboard were killed.
1992 – In Bosnia-Herzegovina, 137 tons of food and supplies were to be delivered to the isolated town of Srebrenica.
1992 – In King William’s Town, South Africa, black militant gunmen attacked a country club killing four people and injuring 20.
1994 – Jeffrey Dahmer, a convicted serial killer, was clubbed to death in a Wisconsin prison by a fellow inmate.
1994 – Norwegian voters rejected European Union membership.
1995 – U.S. President Clinton signed a $6 billion road bill that ended the federal 55 mph speed limit.
2000 – Ukrainian politician Oleksander Moroz begins the Cassette Scandal by publicly accusing President Leonid Kuchma of involvement in the murder of journalist Georgiy Gongadze
2004 – Male Poʻo-uli dies of Avian malaria in the Maui Bird Conservation Center in Olinda, Hawaii before it could breed, making the species in all probability extinct
2010 – WikiLeaks released to the public more than 250,000 U.S. diplomatic cables. About 100,000 were marked “secret” or “confidential.”
2016 – Plane carrying Brazilian Chapecoense football team crashes near Medellin, Colombia killing 71 players and journalists
2019 – Iraqi security forces open fire on protesters killing at least 25 in Nasiriya a day after the Iranian embassy in Najais is burnt down
2020 – At least 110 people killed in attack on Koshobe village in north-east Nigeria by Boko Haram jihadist group
2021 – Barbados becomes a Republic, removing Queen Elizabeth II as head of state in a ceremony with Sandra Mason sworn in as the first President, with Rihanna declared a national hero
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
