2004 – 350 people and children are killed in a massacre in Beslan, North Ossetia, Armed Chechen rebels took over 1000 people including school children at a school. The rebels demanded international recognition of an independent Chechnya. The hostage crisis lasted for 3 days and ended after Russian troops stormed the school.
1067 – Baldwin VI becomes Count of Flanders
1255 – Königsberg (modern day Kaliningrad) founded by Teutonic Knights and named in honor of the Bohemian King Ottokar II
1267 – Rabbi Moses Ben Nachman establishes a Jewish community in Jerusalem
1547 – Holy Roman Emperor Charles V demands creation of an Imperial League (German state)
1614 – Vincent Fettmich expels Jews from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany
1632 – Battle at Castelnaudary: Henri de Montmorency’s rebel army loses to French royalist forces loyal to Louis XIII
1715 – King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years—the longest of any major European monarch.
1752 – Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia
1799 – The Bank of Manhattan Company opened in New York City, NY. It was the forerunner of Chase Manhattan.
1807 – Former U.S. Vice President Aaron Burr was found innocent of treason.
1836 – Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
1859 – The Pullman sleeping car was placed into service.
1862 – Federal tax levied on tobacco
1866 – Last Navaho chief Manuelito turns himself in at Fort Wingate
1875 – A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the “Molly Maguires”, to disband
1878 – Emma M. Nutt became the first female telephone operator in the U.S. The company was the Telephone Dispatch Company of Boston.
1887 – Emile Berliner filed for a patent for his invention of the lateral-cut, flat-disk gramophone. It is a device that is better known as a record player. Thomas Edison made the idea work.
1897 – The first section of Boston’s subway system was opened.
1905 – Saskatchewan and Alberta became the ninth and tenth provinces of Canada.
1913 – Zhang Xun’s Wuwei Corps captures Nanjing on behalf of Emperor Yuan Shikai in the Republic of China’s Second Revolution, ending Chinese independence and causing Sun Yat Sen to flee to Japan
1916 – US Keating-Owen Act bans child labor banned from interstate commerce
1938 – Benito Mussolini cancels civil rights of Italian Jews
1939 – Adolf Hitler orders extermination of mentally ill through the “T4 Euthanasia Program,” arguing that wartime “was the best time for the elimination of the incurably ill”
1939 – World War II starts when Germany invades Poland by attacking the Free City of Danzig
1942 – A federal judge in Sacramento, CA, upheld the wartime detention of Japanese-Americans as well as Japanese nationals.
1945 – The U.S. received official word of Japan’s formal surrender that ended World War II. In Japan, it was actually September 2nd
1950 – 13 North Korean divisions open assault on UN lines
1951 – Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders establishment of Israeli secret service Mossad
1952 – The Ernest Hemingway novel “The Old Man and the Sea” was published.
1961 – The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of the Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate
1969 – Col. Moammar Gadhafi came into power in Libya after the government was overthrown.
1970 – Failed assassination attempt on Jordanian king Hussain
1971 – Danny Murtaugh (Pittsburgh Pirates) gave his lineup card to the umpire with the names of nine black baseball players on it. This was a first for Major League Baseball.
1972 – America’s Bobby Fischer beat Russia’s Boris Spassky to become world chess champion. The chess match took place in Reykjavik, Iceland.
1974 – The SR-71 Blackbird sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London: 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds.
1979 – Pioneer 11 makes its closest approach to Saturn, The NASA built space probe was the first probe to encounter Saturn – it flew by the planet at a distance of 13,000 miles (21,000 km). After its flyby, the probe went on a trajectory to go outside the Solar System. All contacts with it were lost a few weeks later.
1980 – Terry Fox’s Marathon of Hope ends in Thunder Bay, Ontario with Fox unable to continue because of illness
1981 – Military coup under general Kolingba in Central African Republic, President Dacko flees
1982 – Mexican President Jose Lopez Portillo closed all the country’s private banks.
1985 – The Titanic was found by Dr. Robert Ballard and Jean Louis Michel in a joint U.S. and French expedition. The wreck site is located 963 miles northeast of New York and 453 miles southeast of the Newfoundland coast.
1995 – New York reinstates the death penalty
1997 – In France, the prosecutor’s office announced that the driver of the car, in which Britain’s Princess Diana was killed, was over the legal alcohol limit.
1998 – Vietnam released 5,000 prisoners, including political dissidents, on National Day.
1999 – Twenty-two of major league baseball’s 68 permanent umpires were replaced. The problem arose from their union’s failed attempt to force an early start to negotiations for a new labor contract.
2004 – 350 people and children are killed in a massacre in Beslan, North Ossetia, Armed Chechen rebels took over 1000 people including school children at a school. The rebels demanded international recognition of an independent Chechnya. The hostage crisis lasted for 3 days and ended after Russian troops stormed the school.
2008 – Spring Temple Buddha statue of Vairocana Buddha, then the world’s tallest statue at 128 meters (420 ft), completed in Zhaocun township, Henan, China
2012 – Two suicide bombings kill 12 people and wound 50 in a NATO base in Afghanistan’s Sayed Abad district
2015 – Pope Francis tells priests to pardon women who have had an abortion, in a letter released by the Vatican
2017 – Kenyan Chief Justice David Maraga invalidates Kenyan re-election of President Uhuru Kenyatta
2019 – Saudi-led coalition air strikes on Yemen city of Dhamar kills more than 100 people according to the Red Cross
2019 – German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier asks for Polish forgiveness for WWII at 80 year commemoration in Pilsudski Square, Warsaw
2021 – Texas law banning most abortion after six weeks comes into effect, now most restrictive in the country
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
