1971 – Danny Murtaugh (Pittsburgh Pirates) gave his lineup card to the umpire with the names of nine black baseball players on it. This was a first for Major League Baseball.
0462 – Possible start of first Byzantine indication cycle.
0891 – Northmen defeated near Louvaine, France
1267 – Rabbi Moses Ben Nachman establishes a Jewish community in Jerusalem
1535 – French navigator Jacques Cartier reaches Hochelaga (Montreal)
1547 – Holy Roman Emperor Charles V demands creation of an Imperial League (German state)
1614 – Vincent Fettmich expells Jews from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany
1666 – Great London Fire begins in Pudding Lane. 80% of London is destroyed upside the fire cleans up the city
1715 – King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years the longest of any major European monarch.
1739 – 35 Jews sentenced to life in prison in Lisbon Portugal
1752 – The Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia.
1763 – Catherine II of Russia endorses Ivan Betskoy’s plans for a Foundling Home in Moscow
1799 – The Bank of Manhattan Company opened in New York City, NY. It was the forerunner of Chase Manhattan.
1807 – Aaron Burr acquitted of charges of treason for plotting to set up an empire
1836 – Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington
1859 – The Pullman sleeping car was placed into service.
1862 – Federal tax levied on tobacco
1866 – Last Navaho chief Manuelito turns himself in at Fort Wingate
1875 – A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the “”Molly Maguires””, to disband
1878 – Emma M. Nutt became the first female telephone operator in the U.S. The company was the Telephone Dispatch Company of Boston.
1887 – Emile Berliner filed for a patent for his invention of the lateral-cut, flat-disk gramophone. It is a device that is better known as a record player. Thomas Edison made the idea work.
1897 – The first section of Boston’s subway system was opened.
1900 – Cumann na nGaedheal (Irish Council) founded by Arthur Griffith in order to promote a buy Irish campaign
1905 – Saskatchewan and Alberta became the ninth and tenth provinces of Canada.
1914 – St Petersburg, Russia changes name to Petrograd
1914 – The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
1915 – The German ambassador to the US pledges again that German submarines will no longer sink liners without warning and providing safety of passengers and crew following the sinking of the British liner “Arabic”
1918 – US troops land in Vladivostok, Siberia, stay until 1920
1922 – The first daily news program on radio was “The Radio Digest,” on WBAY radio in New York City, NY.
1928 – Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
1930 – NY World reports disappearance of supreme court justice Joseph Crater
1938 – Benito Mussolini cancels civil rights of Italian Jews
1939 – Adolf Hitler orders extermination of mentally ill through the “Aktion T4 Euthanasia Program,” arguing that wartime “was the best time for the elimination of the incurably ill”
1939 – World War II starts when Germany invades Poland by attacking the Free City of Danzig
1939 – Switzerland mobilises its forces and parliament elects Henri Guisan as head of army (an event that can only happen during war or during mobilisation)
1941 – Jews in all of the Third Reich are required to wear the yellow Star of David.
1942 – A federal judge in Sacramento, CA, upheld the wartime detention of Japanese-Americans as well as Japanese nationals.
1948 – Communist’s form the North China People’s Republic
1951 – Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders establishment of Israeli secret service Mossad
1951 – The ANZUS Treaty, a mutual defense pact, was signed by the U.S., Australia and New Zealand.
1952 – Life magazine publishes parts of the Old Man And The Sea
One of American author Ernest Hemingway’s best-known works, the novel tells the story of an old man and his fishing misadventures. Within a few days of the publication of the excerpt, 5 million copies of the magazine had been sold.
1954 – Paul ‘Bear’ Bryant opens infamous 10-day football mini camp in Junction, Texas; ordeal achieves legendary status becoming subject of 2001 book ‘The Junction Boys’ & television movie of the same name
1960 – Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company.”
1961 – The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of the Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate
1969 – Col. Moammar Gadhafi came into power in Libya after the government was overthrown.
1970 – Failed assassination attempt on Jordanian king Hussain
1971 – Qatar declares independence from Britain
1971 – Danny Murtaugh (Pittsburgh Pirates) gave his lineup card to the umpire with the names of nine black baseball players on it. This was a first for Major League Baseball. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mlb-all-black-lineup-pittsburgh-pirates
1972 – America’s Bobby Fischer beat Russia’s Boris Spassky to become world chess champion. The chess match took place in Reykjavik, Iceland.
1973 – Libya nationalizes 51 percent of nine other oil companies’ concessions
1974 – The SR-71 Blackbird sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London: 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds.
1979 – Pioneer 11 makes its closest approach to Saturn
The NASA built space probe was the first probe to encounter Saturn – it flew by the planet at a distance of 13,000 miles (21,000 km). After its flyby, the probe went on a trajectory to go outside the Solar System. All contacts with it were lost a few weeks later.
1981 – A coup d’tat in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko.
1982 – Mexican President Jose Lopez Portillo closed all the country’s private banks.
1983 – A Soviet fighter plane downs a KAL Boeing 747 jumbo jet that veered 100 miles into Soviet airspace, killing all 269 people aboard, including US Congressmen Lawrence McDonald.
1985 – The Wreck of the sunk ship Titanic is found in the North Atlantic Ocean. A French-American expedition group found the wreck, which sunk on 14 April 1912 on her first voyage from Southampton, UK, to New York City, U.S.
1997 – In France, the prosecutor’s office announced that the driver of the car, in which Britain’s Princess Diana was killed, was over the legal alcohol limit.
1998 – Vietnam released 5,000 prisoners, including political dissidents, on National Day.
1999 – Twenty-two of major league baseball’s 68 permanent umpires were replaced. The problem arose from their union’s failed attempt to force an early start to negotiations for a new labor contract.
2004 – 350 people and children are killed in a massacre in Beslan, North Ossetia. Armed Chechen rebels took over 1000 people including school children at a school. The rebels demanded international recognition of an independent Chechnya. The hostage crisis lasted for 3 days and ended after Russian troops stormed the school.
2008 – Spring Temple Buddha statue of Vairocana Buddha, then the world’s tallest statue at 128 meters (420 ft), completed in Zhaocun township, Henan, China
2012 – Two suicide bombings kill 12 people and wound 50 in a NATO base in Afghanistan’s Sayed Abad district
2015- Pope Francis tells priests to pardon women who have had an abortion, in a letter released by the Vatican
2017 – Kenyan Chief Justice David Maraga invalidates Kenyan re-election of President Uhuru Kenyatta
2019 – German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier asks for Polish forgiveness for WWII at 80 year commemoration in Pilsudski Square, Warsaw
2019 – Saudi-led coalition air strikes on Yemen city of Dhamar kills more than 100 people according to the Red Cross
2020 – President Trump visits the city of Kenosha, Wisconsin, where Jacob Blake was shot, to offer support to law enforcement
2021 – Texas law banning most abortion after six weeks comes into effect, now most restrictive in the country
2022 – US President Joe Biden warns of ‘threats to democracy’ from MAGA Republican extremism in prime-time address in front of Philadelphia’s Independence Hall
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
