1901 – Theodore Roosevelt, then Vice President, said “Speak softly and carry a big stick” in a speech at the Minnesota State Fair.
44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion
31 BC – The Roman leader Octavian defeated the alliance of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian, as Augustus Caesar, became the first Roman emperor.
1192 – Sultan Saladin and King Richard the Lionheart of England sign treaty over Jerusalem, at end of the Third Crusade
1537 – Danish King Christian III publishes “Ordinance on the Danish Church” establishing Lutheranism as the state religion within his realms
1649 – The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.
1732 – Pope Clement XII renews anti-Jewish laws of Rome
1752 – The United Kingdom adopts the Gregorian Calendar, nearly two centuries later than most of Western Europe
1775 – Hannah, the first American war vessel was commissioned by General George Washington.
1789 – The U.S. Treasury Department was established.
1792 – During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic Church bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.
1807 – British Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets to prevent Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon
1859 – A solar super storm affects electrical telegraph service.
1864 – During the U.S. Civil War Union forces led by Gen. William T. Sherman occupied Atlanta following the retreat of the Confederates.
1885 – In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who were struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.
1897 – The first issue of “McCall’s” magazine was published. The magazine had been known previously as “Queens Magazine” and “Queen of Fashion.”
1898 – Battle of Omdurman – British and Egyptian troops defeat Sudanese tribesmen and establishing British dominance in the Sudan.
1901 – Theodore Roosevelt, then Vice President, said “Speak softly and carry a big stick” in a speech at the Minnesota State Fair.
1914 – The US Treasury Department establishes the Bureau of War Risk Insurance to provide up to $5 million worth of insurance for merchant ships and their crews
1925 – The U.S. Zeppelin the USS Shenandoah crashes, killing 14
1930 – The “Question Mark” made the first non-stop flight from Europe to the U.S. The plane was flown by Captain Dieudonne Coste and Maurice Bellonte.
1938 – The first railroad car to be equipped with fluorescent lighting was put into operation on the New York Central railroad.
1942 – Sternbuch cable arrives at the Polish embassy in Washington, recounting the deportation of 100,000 Jews from Warsaw to death camps, and how Jewish babies were being used to produce soap and fertilizer for Germany industry
1945 – Combat in World War II ends in the Pacific Theater: The final official surrender of Japan is accepted aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.
1945 – Ho Chi Minh declared the independence the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
1946 – Interim government of India is formed, The interim government and the Constituent Assembly of India were given the task to oversee India’s transition to independence from British rule. The government was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru.
1958 – U.S. Air Force C-130A-II is shot down by fighters over Yerevan, Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew lost.
1960 – The First election of the Tibetan Parliament in Exile is held. The parliamentary body of the Central Tibetan Administration was elected and formed by Tibetan exiles in India. The day is celebrated as Democracy Day among Tibetan exiles.
1961 – The U.S.S.R. resumed nuclear weapons testing. Test ban treaty negotiations had failed with the U.S. and Britain when the three nations could not agree upon the nature and frequency of on-site inspections.
1963 – The integration of Tuskegee High School was prevented by state troopers assigned by Alabama Gov. George Wallace. Wallace had the building surrounded by state troopers.
1963 – “The CBS Evening News” was lengthened from 15 to 30 minutes.
1969 – NBC-TV canceled “Star Trek.” The show had debuted on September 8, 1966.
1971 – There are further Irish Republican Army bombs set off across the region, including one in Belfast which wrecked the headquarters of the Ulster Unionist Party
1973 – Billy Martin was fired as manager of the Detroit Tigers. Martin was relieved of his duties three days after ordering his pitchers to throw spitballs against Cleveland Indians batters.
1974 – US President Gerald Ford signs Employee Retirement Income Security Act
1986 – Cathy Evelyn Smith sentenced to 3 years for death of John Belushi
1987 – Donald Trump takes out a full page NY Times ad lambasting Japan
1987 – West German pilot Mathias Rust, who flew a private plane from Helsinki Finland, to Moscow’s Red Square, goes on trial in Russia
1989 – Reverend Al Sharpton leads a civil rights march through Bensonhurst, Brooklyn
1991 – The U.S. formally recognized the independence of Lithuania, Lativa and Estonia.
1992 – The U.S. and Russia agreed to a joint venture to build a space station.
1996 – Muslim rebels and the Philippine government signed a pact formally ending 26-years of insurgency that had killed more than 120,000 people.
1998 – In Canada, pilots for Canada’s largest airline launch their first strike in Air Canada’s history.
1998 – The UN’s International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide
2012 – 15 people are killed by a car bomb attack at a refugee camp in Sbeineh, Palestine
2012 – A decades-long ban on veiled female news presenters is lifted from State television in Egypt
2018 – About 400 prisoners escape a jail near Tripoli in Libya during militia fighting
2019 – Violence and looting directed at foreigners in Johannesburg results in five deaths and dozens arrested by South African police
2020 – Press conference with body camera evidence brings to light death of African American Daniel Prude after being retrained by police back in March
2022 – Attempted assassination of Argentina’s vice-president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner fails when the gun jams outside her home in Buenos Aires
2022 – Russian state-controlled energy firm Gazprom indefinitely suspends supplies of natural gas to Germany and Europe via the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, amid accusations of weaponizing its energy supplies
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
