1972 – 11 Israeli athletes taken hostage and later killed by Palestinian Black September group at the Munich Olympics
1198 – Philips of Zwabia, Prince of Hohenstaufen, crowned King of Germany and King of the Romans
1519 – Second Battle of Tehuacingo, Mexico: Hernán Cortés vs Tlascala Aztecs
1622 – Richelieu appointed Cardinal under French King Louis XIII
1646 – First public library in the Americas established when Bishop Palafox y Mendoza donates his personal library of 5,000 volumes to Tridentine colleges in Puebla, Mexico
1661 – Nicolas Fouquet, French Superintendent of Finances under Louis XIV is arrested for maladministration of state funds; he died in 1680, never seeing freedom again.
1698 – Russia’s Peter the Great imposed a tax on beards.
1717 – Britain’s King George I issues Proclamation “For Suppressing Pirates in the West Indies”, granting pirates who surrender a pardon
1750 – Decree issued in Paderborn Prussia allows for annual search of all Jewish homes for stolen or “doubtful” goods
1774 – The first session of the U.S. Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia. The delegates drafted a declaration of rights and grievances, organized the Continental Association, and elected Peyton Randolph as the first president of the Continental Congress.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: French fleet of 24 ships under Comte de Grasse defeat British forces under Admiral Graves at the Battle of the Chesapeake [Battle of the Virginia Capes] and trap Cornwallis
1793 – In France, the “Reign of Terror” began. The National Convention enacted measures to repress the French Revolutionary activities.
1796 – General Salicetti orders equal rights for Jews of Bologna, Italy
1836 – Sam Houston was elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.
1839 – The First Opium War begins in China
1844 – Iron ore discovered in Minnesota’s Mesabi Mountains
1877 – Sioux chief Crazy Horse was killed by the bayonet of a U.S. soldier. The chief allegedly resisted confinement to a jail cell.
1879 – George Washington De Long, American Arctic Explorer, and commander on board the Jeannette, becomes trapped with his crew in pack ice during his attempt to reach the North Pole
1881 – The American Red Cross provided relief for disaster for the first time. The disaster was the Great Fire of 1881 in Michigan.
1882 – The first U.S. Labor Day parade was held in New York City.
1900 – France proclaimed a protectorate over Chad.
1905 – The Treaty of Portsmouth was signed by Russia and Japan to end the Russo-Japanese War. The settlement was mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt in New Hampshire.
1914 – US President Woodrow Wilson orders US Navy to make its wireless stations accessible for any transatlantic communications – even to German diplomats sending coded messages; leads to interception of the Zimmermann telegram, helping bring the US into the war
1914 – The Battle of the Marne began. The Germans, British and French fought for six days killing half a million people.
1917 – Federal raids were carried out in 24 cities on International Workers of the World (IWW) headquarters. The raids were prompted by suspected anti-war activities within the labor organization.
1929 – French premier Aristide Briand requests a United States of Europe
1939 – The U.S. proclaimed its neutrality in World War II.
1944 – “Mad Tuesday” 65,000 Dutch nazi collaborators flee to Germany
1945 – Iva Toguri D’Aquino was arrested. D’Aquino was suspected of being the wartime radio propagandist “Tokyo Rose”. She served six years and was later pardoned by U.S. President Ford.
1946 – Amon Göth, former head of Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp, found guilty of imprisonment, torture, and extermination of individuals and groups of people, the first conviction of homicide at a war crimes court
1953 – The first privately operated atomic reactor opened in Raleigh, NC.
1953 – US give Persian premier Zahedi $45 million aid
1957 – Jack Kerouac’s “On the Road” was first published.
1958 – Boris Pasternak’s “Doctor Zhivago” was published for the first time in the U.S.
1960 – Cassius Clay of Louisville, KY, won the gold medal in light heavyweight boxing at the Olympic Games in Rome, Italy. Clay later changed his name to Muhammad Ali.
1961 – The U.S. government made airline hijacking a federal offense.
1972 – 11 Israeli athletes taken hostage and later killed by Palestinian Black September group at the Munich Olympics
1973 – Conference of less developed countries approves forming “producers’ associations” and calls for withdrawal of Israeli forces from occupied Arab lands
1975 – First assassination attempt on US President Gerald Ford by Lynette “Squeaky” Fromme in Sacramento, California
1977 – NASA launches Voyager 1 on a mission to initially just fly-by Jupiter and Saturn, later Uranus and Neptune also (2012 becomes the first human-made object to leave the solar system)
1983 – The “MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour” on PBS (Public Broadcasting System) became the first hour-long network news show.
1984 – The space shuttle Discovery landed after its maiden voyage.
1985 – Rioting in South Africa spilled into white neighborhoods for the first time.
1986 – Hijacking of aircraft Pan Am 73 at Karachi airport, Pakistan, 20 passengers killed
1990 – Iraqi President Saddam Hussein urged for a Holy War against the West and former allies.
1991 – Soviet lawmakers created an interim government to usher in the confederation after dissolving the U.S.S.R. The new name the Union of Sovereign States was taken.
1992 – A General Motors Corporation strike ended with a new agreement being approved. Nearly 43,000 workers were on strike.
1996 – Following US cruise missile strikes on Iraq, crude oil prices rise as the market speculates when Iraq will begin exporting oil under UN Resolution 986
2005 – Mandala Airlines Flight 91 crashes into a heavily-populated residential area, seconds after taking off from Medan in Sumatra, Indonesia, killing 100 people on board and 49 people on the ground
2007 – Three terrorists suspected to be a part of Al-Qaeda are arrested in Germany after allegedly planning attacks on both the Frankfurt International airport and US military installations.
2014 – World Health Organization estimates 1,900 people have died from the Ebola virus out of 3,500 infected in Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone
2015 – US health officials confirm a salmonella outbreak linked to cucumbers from Mexico is responsible for 1 death and for making hundreds sick
2019 – South African women march on parliament to protest violence against women after a month when 30 were killed by their spouses
2021 – Coup by soldiers in Guinea headed by Colonel Doumbouya deposes President Alpha Condé and his government, claiming rampant corruption
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
