1899 – French Capt Alfred Dreyfus sentenced on unjust grounds. Dreyfus was a 35-year-old Alsatian French artillery officer of Jewish descent. He was falsely convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for communicating French military secrets to the German Embassy in Paris, and was imprisoned on Devil’s Island in French Guiana, where he spent nearly five years.
490 B.C. – The Battle of Marathon took place between the invading Persian army and the Athenian Army. The marathon race was derived from the events that occurred surrounding this battle.
1000 – Battle of Svolder, Baltic Sea: King Olaf on board the Long Serpent defeated in one of the greatest naval battles of the Viking Age. He leaps to his death overboard.
1513 – Battle of Flodden: English forces defeat the Scots near Branxton in Northumberland and kill King James IV of Scotland, the last monarch in Great Britain to be killed in battle
1543 – Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned “Queen of Scots” in the central Scottish town of Stirling
1553 – The Roman Inquisition burns all copies of the Talmud and other Jewish texts in Rome’s Campo de Fiori
1675 – New England colonies declare war on Wampanoag indians
1739 – Slave revolt in Stono SC led by Jemmy (25 whites killed)
1776 – The second Continental Congress officially made the term “United States”, replacing the previous term “United Colonies.”
1836 – Ralph Waldo Emerson publishes his influential essay “Nature” in the US, outlining his beliefs in transcendentalism
1841 – Tom Hyer beats George McChester in 101 rounds at Caldwell’s Landing, NY to become first American heavyweight boxing champion
1850 – Territories of New Mexico & Utah created
1850 – California became the 31st state to join the union.
1892 – E. E. Barnard at Lick discovers Amalthea, 5th Jupiter moon
1893 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland’s wife, Frances Cleveland, gave birth to a daughter, Esther. It was the first time a president’s child was born in the White House.
1899 – French Capt Alfred Dreyfus sentenced on unjust grounds. Dreyfus was a 35-year-old Alsatian French artillery officer of Jewish descent. He was falsely convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for communicating French military secrets to the German Embassy in Paris, and was imprisoned on Devil’s Island in French Guiana, where he spent nearly five years.
1904 – Mounted police were used for the first time in the City of New York.
1911 – Italy declared war on the Ottoman Turks and annexed Libya, Tripolitania, and Cyrenaica in North Africa
1914 – First fully mechanized unit in the British Army created – the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade (WWI)
1914 – Meeting held at Gaelic League headquarters between Irish Republican Brotherhood and other extreme republicans; initial decision made to stage an uprising while Britain is at war
1919 – The majority of Boston’s police force went on strike. The force was made up of 1,500 men.
1926 – The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) was created by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA).
1942 – Japan dropped incendiaries over NE in an attempt to set fire to the forests in Oregon and Washington. The forest did not ignite.
1944 – Red Army supports coup in Bulgaria, instituting new Communist government (1946-1990) during the “National Uprising”
1945 – 1st “bug” in a computer program discovered by Grace Hopper, a moth was removed with tweezers from a relay & taped into the log
1948 – North Korea became the People’s Democratic Republic of Korea.
1950 – Mass arrests of communists in France
1957 – The first civil rights bill to pass Congress since Reconstruction was signed into law by U.S. President Eisenhower.
1963 – Alabama Governor George Wallace served a federal injunction to stop orders of state police to bar black students from enrolling in white schools
1965 – French President Charles de Gaulle announced that France was withdrawing from NATO to protest the domination of the U.S. in the organization.
1966 – The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1971 – 1,000 convicts riot & seize Attica, NY prison
1972 – Connection found between Mammoth Cave Ridge and Flint cave systems in Kentucky, joining 144 miles of passages – making it the world’s longest known cave system (later mapped at 420 miles)
1976 – New Zealand government establishes the country’s first centralised electronic database through the Wanganui Computer Act, raising questions about the state’s ability to gather information on its citizens
1978 – Ayatollah Khomeini calls for an uprising in the Iranian army
1981 – Nicaragua declared a state of economic emergency and banned strikes.
1983 – The Soviet Union announced that the Korean jetliner the was shot down on September 1, 1983 was not an accident or an error.
1985 – President Reagan orders sanctions against South Africa
1986 – Frank Reed was taken hostage in Lebanon by pro-Iranian kidnappers. The director of a private school in Lebanon was released 44 months later.
1986 – Gennadiy Zakharov was indicted by a New York jury on espionage charges. Zakharov was a Soviet United Nations employee.
1990 – George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Helsinki & urge Iraq to leave Kuwait
1993 – Israeli and PLO leaders agreed to recognize each other.
1994 – The U.S. agreed to accept about 20,000 Cuban immigrants a year. This was in return for Cuba’s promise to halt the flight of refugees.
1997 – Sinn Fein, the IRA’s political ally, formally renounced violence as it took its place in talks on Northern Ireland’s future.
1998 – Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr delivered to the U.S. Congress 36 boxes of material concerning his investigation of U.S. President Clinton.
2001 – Two al-Qaeda linked suicide bombers disguised as journalists kill Northern Alliance leader Ahmad Shah Massoud by detonating explosives hidden in a camera and a battery-pack belt while interviewing him in Takhar Province, northeastern Afghanistan
2007 – Manuel Noriega’s sentence in the United States ends – Manuel Noriega, former military ruler of Panama, was released after 17 years of imprisonment in the US. He was imprisoned on charges of drug trafficking, money laundering, and racketeering.
2010 – A court in the Philippines orders Imelda Marcos to repay the government almost $280,000 for funds taken from the National Food Authority by Ferdinand Marcos in 1983
2012 – 17 people are killed and at least 40 injured after two car bombs explode in Aleppo, Syria
2012 – 100 people are killed and 350 injured after a wave of attacks across Iraq
2013 – 60 people are killed in conflict between rebels and loyalists in the Central African Republic
2013 – 18 people are killed in conflict between government and Boko Harem troops in Borno State, Nigeria
2015 – Queen Elizabeth II becomes Great Britain’s longest-reigning monarch at 63 years and seven months, beating the previous record set by her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria
2016 – North Korea conducts its fifth nuclear test at the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site, at the time its largest ever test at 10 kilotons but superseded by the 2017 test
2018 – Russian police detain over 1000 people amide nationwide protests against pension reform
2019 – Nigerian government says it will repatriate 600 people from South Africa after two people killed in wave of xenophobic violence in Johannesburg
2020 – Donald Trump purposely downplayed the pandemic in early 2020 to avoid panic according to Bob Woodward’s new book “Rage”
2021 – US President Joe Biden announces widespread COVID-19 vaccine mandates for federal workers, contractors and large employers affecting 100 million people
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
