1838 – Governor Lilburn Boggs signed Missouri Executive Order 44 as a result of the Battle of Crooked River which took place a few days earlier on October 24-25. The fight occurred between Mormon forces and a Missouri state militia and it resulted in 4 fatalities. The executive order ruled that ‘all Mormons were to be treated as enemies and that they must be exterminated or driven out of the state for public peace.’ The order forced members of the Church of Latter Day Saints to migrate from Missouri to Illinois.
0312 – Roman Emperor Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross
1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam
1553 – Condemned as a heretic, Michael Servetus is burned at the stake just outside Geneva
1659 – William Robinson and Marmaduke Stevenson became the first Quakers to be executed in America.
1682 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is founded by Englishman William Penn
1702 – British troops plunder St Augustine, Florida
1787 – The first of the Federalist Papers were published in the New York Independent. The series of 85 essays, written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay, were published under the pen name “Publius.”
1795 – The United States and Spain signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo. The treaty is also known as “Pinckney’s Treaty.”
1810 – United States annexes West Florida from Spain
1838 – Governor Lilburn Boggs signed Missouri Executive Order 44 as a result of the Battle of Crooked River which took place a few days earlier on October 24-25. The fight occurred between Mormon forces and a Missouri state militia and it resulted in 4 fatalities. The executive order ruled that ‘all Mormons were to be treated as enemies and that they must be exterminated or driven out of the state for public peace.’ The order forced members of the Church of Latter Day Saints to migrate from Missouri to Illinois.
1858 – Roland Macy opened Macy’s Department Store in New York City. It was Macy’s eighth business adventure, the other seven failed.
1867 – Giuseppe Garibaldi marches on Rome for the second time
1871 – Democratic leader of Tammany Hall NY, Boss Tweed is arrested after the NY Times exposes his corruption
1878 – The Manhattan Savings Bank in New York City was robbed of over $3,000,000. The robbery was credited to George “Western” Leslie even though there was not enough evidence to convict him, only two of his associates were convicted.
1904 – The New York subway system officially opened. It was the first rapid-transit subway system in America.
1913 – President Woodrow Wilson says US will never attack another country
1919 – Axeman of New Orleans claims last victim
1922 – In Italy, Liberal Luigi Facta resigns in the face of threats from Mussolini that ‘either the Government will be given to us or we will seize it by marching on Rome’
1941 – Chicago Daily Tribune editorialize there will not be war with Japan
1954 – President Eisenhower offers aid to South Vietnam Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm
1962 – The Soviet Union adds to the Cuban Missile Crisis by calling for the dismantling of U.S. missile basis in Turkey. U.S. President Kennedy agreed to the new aspect of the agreement.
1962 – The plane of Enrico Mattei, Italian oil industry’s most powerful figure, crashes in mysterious circumstances
1972 – OPEC approves plan providing for 25 percent government ownership of all Western oil interests operating within Kuwait, Qatar, Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia
1978 – US President Jimmy Carter signs Hawkins-Humphrey full employment bill
1978 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were named winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord.
1980 – William Safire’s column entitled “The Ayatollah Votes” is published in the New York Times, and was later quoted in a campaign ad for Ronald Reagan in that year’s presidential election
1982 – China announces its population has reached 1 billion plus people
1983 – Larry Flynt pays hitman $1M to kill Hugh Hefner, Bob Guccione, Walter Annenberg, and Frank Sinatra; Flynt’s business manager immediately stops payment; Flynt claims he was just joking
1986 – British government deregulates financial markets in a “Big Bang”, enhancing London’s status as a financial capital while increasing income inequality
1991 – Turkmenistan Declares Independence from the Soviet Union
1992 – Tipper Gore (wife of future VP) admits to covering clock on her VCR with black tape so she wouldn’t have to watch it blink
1994 – The U.S. Justice Department announced that the U.S. prison population had exceeded one million for the first time in American history.
1997 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 554.26 points. The stock market was shut down for the first time since the 1981 assassination attempt on U.S. President Reagan.
1999 – 8 people, including the country’s prime minister, Vazgen Sargsyan and Speaker Karen Demirchyan, were killed when armed gunmen shot at the members of the Armenian National Assembly. The gunmen claimed that they were there to carry out a coup and that the prime minister was their target. The siege ended after the Armenian troops surrounded the parliament building and the gunmen surrendered.
2005 – Riots begin in Paris after the deaths of two Muslim teenagers.
2012 – 46 people are killed and 123 injured in Iraq after a series of attacks and bombs
2012 – Thousands demonstrate in Madrid against proposed budget cuts
2018 – Gunman shoots and kills 11 people and injures six at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in an anti-Semitic attack
2020 – Leader of the Nxivm sex cult Keith Raniere sentenced to 120 years in prison for sex trafficking, racketeering, fraud and other crimes
2021 – Cleveland Guardians men’s roller derby team files lawsuit seeking to block MLB baseball Cleveland Indians name change2021 – More than one million people in southern Madagascar are on the brink of famine according to Amnesty International, who urges world to provide relief
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
