1825 – John Quincy Adams is elected U.S. president by the House of Representatives when no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes.
1234 – Mongol army takes the Jin city of Caizhou, last holdout of Jin Emperor Ai-Tsung, who commits suicide rather than be captured
1267 – Synod of Breslau orders Jews of Silesia to wear special caps
1499 – France & Venice sign treaty against Milan
1555 – Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.
1667 – Treaty of Andrussovo Russia/Poland signs peace treaty
1760 – In Louisbourg Nova Scotia, Captain John Byron starts tearing down the fortifications of Louisbourg on orders from British PM William Pitt
1788 – Austria declares war on Russia
1822 – Haiti invades the newly founded Dominican Republic.
1825 – The U.S. House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams president. No candidate had received a majority of electoral votes.
1861 – The Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of America elected Jefferson Davis as its president.
1870 – The United States Weather Bureau was authorized by Congress. The bureau is officially known as the National Weather Service (NWS).
1886 – President Cleveland declares a state of emergency in Seattle because of anti-Chinese violence
1897 – Invasion of Benin City by British Expedition force, the city is burnt and looted, marks the end of the Nigerian Kingdom of Benin formed in the 11th century
1909 – 1st US federal legislation on narcotics prohibits importation, possession, and use of “smoking opium”
1916 – Britain’s military service act enforced (conscription)
1926 – Teaching theory of evolution forbidden in Atlanta GA schools
1941 – Nazi collaborators destroy pro-Jewish café Alcazar Amsterdam (Alcazar refused to hang “No Entry for Jews” signs in front of cafe)
1942 – The U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff held its first formal meeting to coordinate military strategy during World War II.
1943 – During World War II, the battle of Guadalcanal ended with an American victory over Japanese forces.
1950 – U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy charged that the State Department was riddled with 205 Communists. This was the beginning of “McCarthyism.”
1956 – In Montreal Gaspe prospector Wilbert Coffin, age 41, hanged at Bordeaux prison for the murder of an American hunter
1959 – The world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile becomes operational in the USSR
1960 – The first star was placed on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star was for Joanne Woodward.
1964 – The Beatles make their first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, performing before a “”record-busting”” audience of 73 million viewers
1969 – The Boeing 747 flew its inaugural flight.
1971 – The Apollo 14 spacecraft returned to Earth after mankind’s third landing on the moon.
1972 – British government declares state of emergency after month-long miners’ strike
1975 – The Russian Soyuz 17 returned to Earth.
1979 – Walter Hill’s drama film “The Warriors” is released in the United States, sparking gang violence at many theaters and a halt to the film’s marketing campaign
1986 – Halley’s Comet reaches 30th perihelion (closest approach to Sun), during its second visit to the solar system in the 20th century
1987 – Former US national security adviser Robert McFarlane attempts suicide by overdosing on Valium hours before scheduled testimony before panel investigating illegal arms-for-hostages “Iran-Contra” affair
1989 – Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Co. completed the $25 billion purchase of RJR Nabisco, Inc.
1990 – Bottles of Perrier water are voluntarily recalled in the U.S. after benzene is detected in a small number of bottles.
1994 – Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres signs accord with PLO’s Yasser Arafat
1996 – The Irish Republican Army declares the end of its 18 month ceasefire shortly followed by a large bomb in London’s Canary Wharf.
2001 – The American submarine USS Greeneville accidentally strikes and sinks the Ehime-Maru, a Japanese training vessel operated by the Uwajima Fishery High School
2014 – Protest erupt in Sarajevo and other cities in Bosnia-Herzegovina; the unemployment rate remains at 40% (57% for youth)
2020 – Deaths from COVID-19 virus overtake those of Sars (2003) with 813 deaths worldwide, with more than 34,800 known infections
2021 – United Arab Emirates is the fifth entity to successfully orbit a probe around Mars, as probe Hope begins to study the planet’s atmosphere.
2022 – Nearly four million bottles of beer destroyed in large crackdown on alcohol in northern Nigerian state of Kano, where alcohol prohibited under Sharia law
2023 – South African President Cyril Ramaphosa declares “a national state of disaster” to respond to the country’s electricity crisis amid daily blackouts
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
