1982 – NFC Championship, Candlestick Park, SF: San Francisco 49ers beat Dallas Cowboys, 28-27; “The Catch” – iconic moment in NFL history – Dwight Clark makes fingertip catch for a TD from Joe Montana with 58″ remaining; SF goes on to win Super Bowl
49 BC Julius Caesar defies the Roman Senate and crosses the Rubicon, uttering “alea iacta est” (the die is cast), signaling the start of civil war which would lead to his appointment as Roman dictator for life
381 – Roman Emperor Theodosius issues edit ordering all churches be surrendered to bishops of the Catholic faith as he saw it
532 – Constantinople chariot racing green and blue supporters due to be executed escape, prompting Nika revolt
1356 – German Emperor Charles I promulgates the ‘Golden Bull’, to regulate the election of a new king – the most important constitutional document of the Holy Roman Empire
1430 – Catholic Order of the Golden Fleece founded in Bruges in celebration of the prosperous and wealthy domains of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy
1642 – King Charles I & family flee London for Oxford
1776 – Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense, The pamphlet argued for freedom from British rule and it helped spark the American Revolutionary War.
1801 – William Henry Harrison is appointed as the first governor of the Indiana Territory
1811 – Louisiana slaves rebel in 2 parishes
1840 – The penny post, whereby mail was delivered at a standard charge rather than paid for by the recipient, began in Britain.
1861 – Florida seceded from the United States.
1863 – Prime Minister Gladstone opened the first section of the London Underground Railway system, from Paddington to Farringdon Street.
1870 – John D. Rockefeller incorporated Standard Oil.
1883 – Fire at uninsured Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin kills 71. General Tom Thumb of P. T. Barnum fame, escapes unhurt
1897 – Ukrainian bacteriologist Wademar Haffkine performs the first human trial for a vaccine for the plague on himself during the Bombay epidemic
1901 – Oil was discovered at the Spindletop oil field near Beaumont, TX.
1911 – Major Jimmie Erickson took the first photograph from an airplane while flying over San Diego, CA.
1911 – Honduras signs treaty turning over customs to US
1914 – Yuan Shih-k’ai, president of the new Chinese republic, dissolves parliament and prepares a constitution of his own design: he will set himself up as dictator, preparatory to an attempt to make himself emperor
1916 – In retaliation for President Woodrow Wilson’s recognition of the Carranza government, members of Pancho Villa’s revolutionary army take 17 US mining engineers from a train and shoot 16 of them in cold blood
1917 – Suffragettes the “Silent Sentinels” first protest outside The White House, in Washington led by Alice Paul and the National Woman’s Party
1925 – Allies refuse to evacuate the Cologne area of Germany as agreed
1925 – Miriam (Ma) Ferguson sworn in as Governor of Texasr, 2nd US woman governor, 1st ever elected
1927 – Fritz Lang’s film “Metropolis” was first shown, in Berlin.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Br9XXayHe_Y
1928 – The Soviet Union ordered the exile of Leon Trotsky.
1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt sailed from Miami, FL, to Trinidad thus becoming the first American President to visit a foreign country during wartime.
1946 – The first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly took place with 51 nations represented
1946 – US Army bounces 1st radar signal off the Moon from Ft. Monmouth, New Jersey
1957 – Baseball Commissioner Ford Frick rules Bing Crosby can keep token stock in Detroit Tigers, even though he owns part of Pittsburgh Pirates
1962 – Eruptions on Mount Huascaran in Peru destroy 7 villages & kill 3,500
1966 – The Georgia House of Representatives votes 184-12 to deny Julian Bond his seat as a result of his opposition to the Vietnam War
1967 – PBS (the National Educational TV) begins as a 70 station network
1971 – “Masterpiece Theatre” premiered on PBS with host Alistair Cooke. The introduction drama series was “The First Churchills.”
1973 – For the first time graduates studying from home with ‘the Open University’ receive their degrees
1978 – The Soviet Union launched two cosmonauts aboard a Soyuz capsule for a redezvous with the Salyut VI space laboratory.
1979 – The Sun paper headline is ‘Crisis? What Crisis?’ as UK Prime Minister James Callaghan denies that the country is in chaos during the ‘Winter of Discontent’ strike wave
1981 – In El Salvador, Marxist insurgents launched a “final offensive”.
1982 – NFC Championship, Candlestick Park, SF: San Francisco 49ers beat Dallas Cowboys, 28-27; “The Catch” – iconic moment in NFL history – Dwight Clark makes fingertip catch for a TD from Joe Montana with 58″ remaining; SF goes on to win Super Bowl
1984 – Argentine ex-president and general Reynaldo Bignone arrested
1984 – The United States and the Vatican established full diplomatic relations for the first time in more than a century.
1990 – Chinese Premier Li Peng ended martial law in Beijing after seven months. He said that crushing pro-democracy protests had saved China from “the abyss of misery.”
1990 – Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc. completed a $14 billion merger. The new company, Time Warner, was the world’s largest entertainment company.
1994 – In Manassas, VA, Lorena Bobbitt went on trial. She had been charged with maliciously wounding her husband John. She was acquitted by reason of temporary insanity.
1996 – Israel frees hundreds of Palestinian prisoners
1997 – Shelby Lynne Barrackman was strangled to death by her grand-father when she licked the icing off of cupcakes. He was convicted of the crime on September 15, 1998.
2001 – A large piece of the chalk cliff at Beachy Head collapses into the sea.
2001 – American Airlines agreed to acquire most of Trans World Airlines (TWA) assets for about $500 million. The deal brought an end to the financially troubled TWA.
2002 – In France, the “Official Journal” reported that all women could get the morning-after contraception pill for free in pharmacies.
2003 – North Korea announced that it was withdrawing from the global nuclear arms control treaty and that it had no plans to develop nuclear weapons.
2013 – 81 people are killed and 120 are wounded by a twin bombing in Quetta, Pakistan
2015 – 72 people are killed & 169 hospitalized after a mass poisoning of beer with crocodile bile at a funeral in Mozambique
2019 – 13 year-old Jayme Closs escapes her kidnapper after 3 months in captivity in Wisconsin
2019 – In Venezuela, Juan Guaidó and the National Assembly declared incumbent President Nicolás Maduro “illegitimate” and started the process of attempting to remove him from office.
2020 – The green Ford Mustang from the 1968 Steve McQueen thriller “Bullitt” was sold for $3.4 million at the Mecum Auctions event in Kissimmee, FL.
2021 – PGA of America pulls 2022 PGA Championship from Trump National GC at Bedminster, NJ, days after supporters of President Donald Trump attacked the US Capitol
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
