1947 – U.S. President Truman established the “Truman Doctrine” In his speech before Congress, U.S. President Harry S. Truman defined his foreign relations priorities, which included military and economic support to Turkey and Greece to prevent the spread of communism there.
0538 – Witiges, King of the Ostrogoths, ends his siege of Rome, retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city in the hands of victorious Byzantine General Belisarius
1350 – Orvieto city says it will behead & burn Jewish-Christian couples
1455 – First record of Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible, letter dated this day by Enea Silvio Piccolomini refers to the bible printed a year before
1496 – Jews were expelled from Syria.
1507 – Cesare Borgia dies while fighting alongside his brother, the king of Navarre, in Spain.
1609 – The Bermuda Islands became an English colony.
1622 – Ignatius of Loyola declared a saint
1642 – Abel Tasman is the 1st European to sight New Zealand, viewing the north-west coast of the South Island
1664 – New Jersey became a British colony. King Charles II granted land in the New World to his brother James (The Duke of York).
1755 – In North Arlington, NJ, the steam engine was used for the first time.
1773 – Jeanne Baptiste Pointe de Sable found settlement now known as Chicago
1789 – The U.S. Post Office was established.
1790 – French Revolution: The National Assembly issues a decree allowing for the sale of church land by French municipalities
1809 – Britain signed a treaty with Persia forcing the French to leave the country.
1837 – British poet laureate Robert Southey writes in reply to 20 year-old Charlotte Brontë “Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life, and it ought not to be.”
1849 – 1st gold seekers arrive in Nicaragua en route to California
1863 – President Jefferson Davis delivered his State of the Confederacy address.
1868 – US Congress abolishes manufacturer’s tax
1884 – Mississippi establishes the first U.S. state college for women.
1894 – Coca-Cola was sold in bottles for the first time.
1903 – The Czar of Russia issued a decree providing for nominal freedom of religion throughout his territory.
1905 – In Rome, Premier Giovanni Giolliwas forced out of office by continued civil strife.
1906 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that corporations must yield incriminating evidence in anti-trust suits.
1909 – Three U.S. warships were ordered to Nicaragua to stem the conflict with El Salvador.
1911 – Dr. Fletcher of Rockefeller Institute discovered the cause of infantile paralysis.
1912 – Juliet Low founds the Girl Scouts in Savannah, Georgia. The original name was Girl Guides.
1917 – In the wake of the February Revolution, Communist Party members Joseph Stalin, Lev Kamenev and Matvei Muranov arrive in Petrograd (St Petersburg) and seize control of the Pravda newspaper
1918 – Moscow becomes Russia’s capital city, St. Petersburg lost its status as the Russian capital following the Revolution of 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy.
1925 – British government of Stanley Baldwin refuses to ratify Geneva agreement
1930 – Mahatma Gandhi embarks on his Salt March, The 240-mile march was an act of civil disobedience to protest the British monopoly on salt. It was one of the most significant events during the Indian independence movement.
1933 – President Paul von Hindenburg dropped the flag of the German Republic and ordered that the swastika and empire banner be flown side by side.
1933 – U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt presented his first presidential address to the nation. It was the first of the “Fireside Chats.” https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/fireside-chats
1938 – The “Anschluss” (Annexation) took place as German troops entered Austria.
1939 – Pius XII is elected the new pope in Rome.
1940 – Finland surrendered to Russia ending the Russo-Finnish War.
1944 – Great Britain bars all travel to neutral Ireland, which is suspected of collaborating with Nazi Germany.
1945 – 30 Amsterdammers executed by nazi occupiers
1947 – U.S. President Truman established the “Truman Doctrine” In his speech before Congress, U.S. President Harry S. Truman defined his foreign relations priorities, which included military and economic support to Turkey and Greece to prevent the spread of communism there. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/truman-doctrine-is-announced
1950 – Belgium votes (58%) for return of King Leopold III
1957 – Random House and Houghton-Mifflin co-publish “The Cat in the Hat” by Dr. Seuss
1959 – The U.S. House joined the U.S. Senate in approving the statehood of Hawaii.
1964 – Union leader Jimmy Hoffa sentenced to 8 years
1967 – Suharto rises to power in Indonesia, His presidency, which lasted 31 years, was overshadowed by crass human rights violations and the occupation of East Timor.
1971 – Thousands of Belfast shipyard workers march demanding the introduction of Internment for members of the Irish Republican Army
1974 – “Wonder Woman” debuted on ABC-TV. The show later went to CBS-TV.
1977 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat pledges to regain Arab territory from Israel
1980 – Jury finds John Wayne Gacy guilty of murdering 33 in Chicago
1984 – Lebanese President Gemayel opened the second meeting in five years calling for the end to nine-years of war.
1985 – The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. began arms control talks in Geneva.
1985 – Former U.S. President Richard M. Nixon announced that he planned to drop Secret Service protection and hire his own bodyguards in an effort to lower the deficit by $3 million.
1989 – Prime Minister Sadiq al Mahdi of Sudan formed a new cabinet to end civil war.
1989 – About 2,500 veterans and supporters marched at the Art Institute of Chicago to demand that officials remove an American flag placed on the floor as part of an exhibit.
1989 – Computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee submits his first proposal for an “information management system” to his boss at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) who finds it “vague, but exciting”
1992 – Mauritius became a republic but remained a member of the British Commonwealth.
1993 – In the U.S., the Pentagon called for the closure of 31 major military bases.
1993 – Janet Reno was sworn in as the first female U.S. attorney general.
1993 – 317 killed by bomb attacks in Bombay
1994 – A photo by Marmaduke Wetherell of the Loch Ness monster was confirmed to be a hoax. The photo was taken of a toy submarine with a head and neck attached.
1994 – The Church of England ordained its first women priests.
1998 – Astronomers cancelled a warning that a mile-wide asteroid might collide with Earth saying that calculations had been off by 600,000 miles.
1999 – Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic became members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). All three countries were members of the former Warsaw Pact.
2002 – U.S. homeland security chief Tom Ridge unveiled a color-coded system for terror warnings.
2002 – Conoco and Phillips Petroleum stockholders approved a proposed merger worth $15.6 billion.
2003 – In Utah, Elizabeth Smart was reunited with her family nine months after she was abducted from her home. She had been taken on June 5, 2002, by a drifter that had previously worked at the Smart home.
2003 – The U.S. Air Force announced that it would resume reconnaissance flights off the coast of North Korea. The flights had stopped on March 2 after an encounter with four armed North Korean jets.
2012 – 100 people are killed in ethnic clashes and cattle raids in South Sudan
2012 – 45 people, including children, are massacred by the Syrian Army in Homs
2014 – 8 people are killed, 70 injured, & 2 buildings are leveled by a gas explosion in East Harlem, New York
2018 – Civilian death toll in Eastern Ghouta passes 1,000 in three weeks as Syrian government forces capture the town of Mesraba
2018 – Tens of thousands of farmers from Indian state Maharashtra end protests over loan waivers, prices and land rights after promises from state officials and walking 167km to Mumbai
2019 – Dozens charged in US college admission scandal by US federal prosecutors, including actresses Lori Loughlin and Felicity Huffman
2019 – More than 3,000 ISIS fighters have surrendered amid battle for last ISIS stronghold in Baghouz, Syria, according to Syrian Democratic Forces officials
2020 – US President Trump bans travel with 26 European countries, though not the UK, due to COVID-19 (UK and Ireland added a day later)
2022 – Saudi Arabia executes 81 convicted criminals, the country’s largest known mass execution in modern times
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
