1940 – World War II: The Blitz – Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing
1251 BC – A solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes, Greece
0070 – A Roman army under General Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
1191 – Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf – Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
1525 – Trial against “heretic” John Pistorius ends in the Hague
1714 – Treaty of Baden signed by the Holy Roman Empire and France, ending the War of the Spanish Succession; French retain Alsace and Landau, Austria gets east bank of Rhine
1812 – Napoleon defeated the Russian army of Alexander I at the battle of Borodino.
1813 – The nickname “Uncle Sam” was first used as a symbolic reference to the United States. The reference appeared in an editorial in the New York’s Troy Post.
1821 – The Republic of Gran Colombia (a federation covering much of present day Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador) was established, with Simn Bolvar as the founding President and Francisco de Paula Santander as vice president.
1822 – Brazil declared its independence from Portugal.
1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town’s bank but are surrounded by an angry mob and are nearly killed
1888 – Edith Eleanor McLean became the first baby to be placed in an incubator.
1901 – China and the Eight-Nation Alliance signed the Boxer Protocol ending the Boxer Rebellion (Boxer Uprising, Yihequan Movement).
1904 – British forces in Tibet force the 13th Dalai Lama to sign a treaty granting Britain trading posts in Tibet and a guarantee that Tibet will not concede territory to foreign powers
1910 – In the Hague, the International Court arbitrates a fishing-rights dispute between the US and Newfoundland (still separate from Canada)
1911 – French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
1915 – Johnny Gruelle received a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll. (U.S. Patent D47789)
1916 – Workmen’s Compensation Act passed by US Congress
1927 – Philo T. Farnsworth succeeded in transmitting an image through purely electronic means by using an image dissector. first use of his electronic television
1930 – The cartoon “Blondie” made its first appearance in the comic strips.
1936 – The last surviving Tasmanian Tiger – a carnivorous marsupial, died in captivity at the Hobart Zoo, Tasmania, Australia. Called Benjamin, the thylacine, as the species was called, is believed to have died due to neglect.
1940 – World War II: The Blitz – Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-blitz-begins
1942 – During World War II, the Russian army counter attacked the German troops outside the city of Stalingrad.
1942 – Holocaust: 8,700 Jews of Kolomyia (western Ukraine) sent by German Gestapo to death camp in Belzec
1950 – Monasteries shut down in Hungary
1954 – Integration begins in Washington, D.C. & Baltimore, Maryland public schools
1965 – China announces that it will reinforce its troops in the Indian border
1970 – Fighting between Arabic guerillas and government forces in Amman, Jordan
1977 – The Panama Canal treaties were signed by U.S. President Carter and General Omar Torrijos Herrera. The treaties called for the U.S. to turn over control of the canal’s waterway to Panama in the year 2000.
1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from in a specially-designed umbrella
1979 – ESPN, the Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, made its debut on cable TV.
1983 – In Ireland, voters approved a constitutional ammendment that banned abortion.
1986 – President Augusto Pinochet survived an assassination attempt made by guerrillas.
1986 – Desmond Tutu was the first black to be installed to lead the Anglican Church in southern Africa.
1989 – Legislation was approved by the U.S. Senate that prohibited discrimination against the handicapped in employment, public accommodations, transportation and communications.
1992 – Army of Ciskei homeland kills 28 ANC demonstrators
1995 – Oregon Senator Bob Packwood announces his retirement, making it unnecessary for a full Senate vote to oust him for allegations of sexual misconduct
1997 – The first test flight of the F-22 Raptor takes place.
2004 – The Serbian government backs a decision by Minister of Education and Sport Ljiljana Colic to require the teaching of both creationism and evolution in schools.
2011 – Plane crash in Russia kills 43 people, including nearly the entire roster of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl Kontinental Hockey League team
2012 – US drone attack kills 8 people in Kismayo, south Somalia
2013 – 15 people are killed by a restaurant car bombing by Al-Shabaab in Mogadishu, Somalia
2017 – Consumer credit reporting agency Equifax reports earlier cyberattack could affects 143 million Americans
2019 – US President Donald Trump says he has cancelled a secret meeting with the Taliban for peace talks at Camp David
2020 – Wildfires have burnt a record 2 million acres in California 2020 fire season, more than the state of Delaware according to Cal Fire
2021 – Texas Governor Greg Abbott signs law restricting voting rights in the state, including limiting use of drop boxes and empowering partisan observers
2022 – Discovery of the earliest evidence of surgery from 31,000 year old skeleton with amputated lower leg in a cave in East Kalimantan, Borneo published in “Nature”
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
