1943 – Italian Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini was overthrown in a coup.
0306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman Emperor by his troops
0326 – Constantine refused to carry out the traditional pagan sacrifices.
1120 – Large fire in church of Saint Madeleine of Vézelay, France, kills a thousand pilgrims and seriously damages the church
1394 – Charles VI of France issued a decree for the general expulsion of Jews from France.
1446 – Foundation stone laid for King’s College Chapel in Cambridge by King Henry VI, one of England’s finest medieval buildings (main structure complete 1515)
1510 – Spanish conquest of Tripoli by Pedro Navarro for Aragon crown; over 3,000 killed and more than 5,000 inhabitants enslaved
1564 – Maximillian II became emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
1570 – Battle of Arnay-le-Duc, Burgundy: Huguenot victory forces Charles IX of France to agree to a peace treaty that ends the Third War of Religion
1587 – Japanese strong-man Hideyoshi banned Christianity in Japan and ordered all Christians to leave.
1593 – France’s King Henry IV converted from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
1722 – The Three Years War begins along the Maine and Massachusetts border
1759 – British forces defeated a French army at Fort Niagara in Canada.
1775 – Maryland issues currency depicting George III trampling Magna Carta
1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto issued to population of Paris promising vengeance if French Royal Family harmed
1805 – Aaron Burr visited New Orleans with plans to establish a new country, with New Orleans as the capital city.
1814 – Battle of Niagara Falls (Lundy’s Lane); Americans defeat British
1830 – Charles X signs the July Ordinances, suspending freedom of the press, among other effects
1845 – China granted Belgium equal trading rights with Britain, France and the United States.
1850 – Gold was discovered in the Rogue River in OR.
1854 – The paper collar was patented by Walter Hunt.
1861 – The Crittenden Resolution, which called for the American Civil War to be fought to preserve the Union and not for slavery, was passed by the U.S. Congress.
1868 – US Congress forms Wyoming Territory (Dakota, Utah & Idaho)
1907 – Korea became a protectorate of Japan.
1917 – Sir Thomas Whyte introduces the first income tax in Canada as a “temporary” measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
1924 – Greece announced the deportation of 50,000 Armenians.
1934 – Failed Nazi coup in Austria
1941 – FDR bans selling benzine/gasoline to Japan
1941 – The U.S. government froze all Japanese and Chinese assets.
1943 – Italian Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini was overthrown in a coup.
1944 – World War II: Operation Spring – one of Canada’s bloodiest days, 18,444 casualties and 5,021 killed
1952 – Puerto Rico became a self-governing commonwealth of the U.S.
1961 – In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO
1965 – Bob Dylan is booed by sections of the crowd at the Newport Folk Festival for performing with an electric guitar, beginning of folk-rock
1968 – Pope Paul VI publishes encyclical “Humanae vitae (Of Human Life)” which rejects any artificial forms of birth control
1969 – Edward Kennedy pleads guilty to leaving scene of an accident a week after the Chappaquiddick car accident that killed Mary Jo Kopechne
1972 – US health officials concede African American were used as guinea pigs in 40 year syphilis experiment
1976 – The famous Face on Mars photo is taken – Viking 1, the first space probe to successfully land on Mars took the famous photo of the Cydonia region on the Red Planet.
1978 – Louise Joy Brown, the first test-tube baby, was born in Oldham, England. She had been conceived through in-vitro fertilization.
1983 – 1st non-human primate (baboon) conceived in a lab dish, San Antonio
1984 – Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman to walk in space. She was aboard the orbiting space station Salyut 7.
1990 – US Ambassador tells Iraq, US won’t take sides in Iraq-Kuwait dispute
1992 – Army refused to overturn 127 year old conviction against Dr Mudd
1994 – Israel and Jordan formally ended the state of war that had existed between them since 1948.
1997 – Scientists announce the first human stem cells to be cultured in a laboratory using tissue taken from aborted human embryos
1998 – The USS Harry S. Truman was commissioned and put into service by the U.S. Navy.
2000 – Air France Flight 4590, a Concorde supersonic passenger jet, F-BTSC, crashes just after takeoff from Paris killing all 109 aboard and 4 on the ground.
2001 – Faced with declining oil prices, OPEC ministers agree to cut crude oil production quotas by about 4%, or 1 million barrels per day
2007 – India gets its first female president – Pratibha Patil, a politician stayed in office as the head of state of the South Asian country for 5 years.
2010 – WikiLeaks leaked to the public more than 90,000 internal reports involving the U.S.-led War in Afghanistan from 2004-2010.
2014 – Both Israel and Hamas review US Secretary of State John Kerry’s proposal for an immediate ceasefire and meetings in Cairo
2014 – Palestinian officials call for a “Day of Rage” in the West Bank and within Israel against Israel’s operation against Gaza; Israeli Defence Force prepares for protests
2017 – Israeli authorities remove new metal detectors from Temple Mount / Haram al-Sharif after Palestinian protests amid rising tensions in Jerusalem
2018 – Multiple suicide bombings and attacks by the Islamic State in Sweida and surrounding areas of Syria kill more than 200
2019 – US Justice department announces resumption of use of the death penalty, scheduling five executions
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
