1963 – Telephone hotline Between Washington DC and Moscow is Established, The system of direct communication between the heads of then Soviet Union and now Russia and the United States was set up during the height of the Cold War when the Cuban Missile Crisis almost led the two countries to the brink of an active war. The hotline was used for the first time in 1967 during the 6-day long Arab–Israeli War.
1146 – European leaders outlawed the crossbow.
1363 – Beginning of the Battle of Lake Poyang; two Chinese rebel leaders Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang are pitted against each other in what was one of the largest naval battles in history during Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty
1481 – 2 Latvian monarchs executed for conspiracy to Polish king Casimir IV
1563 – Jewish community of Neutitschlin, Moravia, expelled
1645 – American Indians and the Dutch made a peace treaty at New Amsterdam. New Amsterdam later became known as New York.
1682 – William Penn sailed from England and later established the colony of Pennsylvania in America.
1776 – Continental Army evacuates Long Island and falls back to Manhattan, NYC
1791 – Thomas Jefferson responds to Benjamin Banneker’s letter on the issue of slavery https://www.facinghistory.org/nobigotry/readings/created-equal
1843 – 1st time African-Americans participate in a national political convention (Liberty Party)
1861 – John Frémont issues proclamation freeing slaves of Missouri rebels
1862 – The Confederates defeated Union forces at the second Battle of Bull Run in Manassas, VA.
1890 – President Benjamin Harrison signed the first U.S. law requiring inspection of meat products
1909 – Burgess Shale fossil site – one of most diverse and best-preserved in the world, discovered by Charles Doolittle Walcott in Canadian Rocky Mountains (now British Columbia’s Yoho National Park)
1918 – Fanya Kaplan attempts but fails to assassinate Lenin, new leader of Soviet Russia
1928 – The Independence of India League was established in India.
1941 – Winston Churchill approves a nuclear programme (Tube Alloys), first national leader to do so
1941 – During World War II, the Nazis severed the last railroad link between Leningrad and the rest of the Soviet Union.
1945 – General Douglas MacArthur set up Allied occupation headquarters in Japan.
1951 – The Philippines and the United States signed a defense pact.
1956 – White mob prevents enrollment of blacks at Mansfield High School, Texas
1960 – A partial blockade was imposed on West Berlin by East Germany.
1961 – James Benton Parsons is confirmed as 1st African American judge of a US District Court
1963 – Telephone hotline Between Washington DC and Moscow is Established, The system of direct communication between the heads of then Soviet Union and now Russia and the United States was set up during the height of the Cold War when the Cuban Missile Crisis almost led the two countries to the brink of an active war. The hotline was used for the first time in 1967 during the 6-day long Arab–Israeli War.
1967 – First African-American justice is Appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court, The United States Senate confirmed Thurgood Marshall to the country’s highest court of justice. Marshall was also the first African-American to have held the post of Solicitor General of the United States.
1979 – 1st recorded occurrence of a comet hitting the sun, releases energy equal to one million hydrogen bombs
1983 – The space shuttle Challenger blasted off with Guion S. Bluford Jr. aboard. He was the first black American to travel in space.
1984 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan, and several others, were inducted into the Sportscasters Hall of Fame.
1990 – Tatarstan announces its sovereignty with the Declaration on the State Sovereignty of the Tatar Soviet Socialist Republic
1991 – The Soviet republic of Azerbaijan declared its independence.
1994 – Rosa Parks was robbed and beaten by Joseph Skipper. Parks was known for her refusal to give up her seat on a bus in 1955, which sparked the civil rights movement.
1999 – The residents of East Timor overwhelmingly voted for independence from Indonesia. The U.N. announced the result on September 4.
2007 – NASA spacecraft Voyager 2 crosses the termination shock, where solar and interstellar winds met (following Voyager 1 in 2004)
2012 – Cholera outbreak kills 229 people in Sierra Leone
2015 – Rap artist Kanye West announces he will run for President in 2020 at the MTV Video Music Awards
2017 – Brazilian court blocks President Michel Temer from abolishing Renca, which would open parts of the Amazon to mining
2021 – America ends its longest-ever war of 20 years in Afghanistan as the last military evacuation plane flies out of Kabul
2021 – China restricts online gaming for under 18s to one hour on Fridays, weekends and holidays ordering companies to enforce this
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
