1939 – Holocaust: The SS St. Louis, a ship carrying 963 Jewish refugees, is denied permission to land in Florida, United States, after already having been turned away from Cuba. Forced to return to Europe, most of its passengers later died in Nazi concentration camps
781 BC – Oldest Chinese recording of a solar eclipse
1070 – Roquefort cheese created in a cave near Roquefort, France
1391 – Mob led by Ferrand Martinez surrounds and sets fire to the Jewish quarter of Seville in Spain, the surviving Jews are sold into slavery
1584 – Sir Walter Raleigh establishes first English colony on Roanoke Island, old Virginia (now North Carolina).
1615 – The fortress of Osaka, Japan, fell to shogun Ieyasu after a six month siege.
1629 – Dutch East India ship Batavia wrecks on Morning Reef off the Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, with 200 survivors (only 70 survive after three months due to mutiny and murders)
1647 – English Parliamentary army under Cornet George Joyce takes King Charles I as a prisoner during Second Civil War
1760 – Great Upheaval: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia Canada taken from the Acadians.
1763 – Mackinaw Michigan, Chippewas captured Fort Michilimackinac by diverting the garrison’s attention with a game of lacrosse, then chasing a ball into the fort
1769 – A transit of Venus is followed five hours later by a total solar eclipse, the shortest such interval in history
1783 – A hot-air balloon was demonstrated by Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier. It reached a height of 1,500 feet.
1792 – Captain George Vancouver claimed Puget Sound for Britain.
1794 – British troops captured Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
1804 – Grieving over the death of his wife, Marie Clothilde, king Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia abdicates his throne in favor of his brother, Victor Emmanuel.
1805 – Tripoli was forced to conclude peace with U.S. after conflicts over tribute.
1812 – The Louisiana Territory had its name changed to the Missouri Territory.
1859 – Second Italian War of Independence: Battle of Magenta, results in a French-Sardinian victory under Napoleon III over the Austrians under Marshal Ferencz Gyulai
1878 – Turkey turned Cyprus over to Britain.
1892 – Oil City and Titusville, Pennsylvania, destroyed by oil tank explosion; 130 die
1896 – Henry Ford made a successful test drive of his new car in Detroit, MI. He called the vehicle was called a “Quadricycle.”
1911 – Gold was discovered in Alaska’s Indian Creek.
1912 – Massachusetts passes first US minimum wage law
1913 – Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of the king’s horse, Anmer, at the Epsom Derby. She is trampled and dies a few days later, never having regained consciousness.
1918 – French and American troops halted Germany’s offensive at Chateau-Thierry, France.
1919 – The U.S. Senate passed the Women’s Suffrage bill.
1919 – US marines invade Costa Rica
1924 – An eternal light was dedicated at Madison Square in New York City in memory of all New York soldiers who died in World War I.
1935 – “Invisible” glass was patented by Gerald Brown and Edward Pollard.
1939 – The first shopping cart was introduced by Sylvan Goldman in Oklahoma City, OK. It was actually a folding chair that had been mounted on wheels.
1939 – Holocaust: The SS St. Louis, a ship carrying 963 Jewish refugees, is denied permission to land in Florida, United States, after already having been turned away from Cuba. Forced to return to Europe, most of its passengers later died in Nazi concentration camps https://www.history.com/news/wwii-jewish-refugee-ship-st-louis-1939
1940 – Winston Churchill’s speech “We shall fight on the seas and oceans” https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/winston-churchills-historic-fight-them-beaches-speech-wasnt-heard-public-until-after-wwii-180967278/
1940 – The British completed the evacuation of 300,000 troops at Dunkirk, France.
1942 – The Battle of Midway began. It was the first major victory for America over Japan during World War II. The battle ended on June 6 and ended Japanese expansion in the Pacific.
1943 – In Argentina, Juan Peron took part in the military coup that overthrew Ramon S. Castillo.
1944 – The U-505 became the first enemy submarine captured by the U.S. Navy.
1946 – Juan Peron was installed as Argentina’s president.
1947 – The House of Representatives approved the Taft-Hartley Act. The legislation allowed the President of the United States to intervene in labor disputes.
1954 – French Premier Joseph Laniel and Vietnamese Premier Buu Loc initialed treaties in Paris giving “complete independence” to Vietnam.
1956 – ‘Secret speech’ by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev criticizing Joseph Stalin is made public
1957 – First commercial coal pipeline placed in operation
1974 – The Cleveland Indians had “Ten Cent Beer Night”. Due to the drunken and unruly fans the Indians forfeited to the Texas Rangers.
1974 – Saudi Arabia announces that it will increase its participation in Aramco to 60 percent
1976 – Canada declares 370 km (200 nautical mile) offshore fisheries jurisdiction zone, effective Jan 1, 1977
1982 – Israel attacks targets in south Lebanon
1984 – Bruce Springsteen releases “”Born in the USA”
1985 – The U.S. Supreme Court upheld a lower court ruling striking down an Alabama law that provided for a daily minute of silence in public schools.
1986 – Jonathan Jay Pollard, a former Navy intelligence analyst, pled guilty in Washington to spying for Israel. He was sentenced to life in prison.
1986 – The California Supreme Court approved a law that limited the liability of manufacturers and other wealthy defendants. It was known as the “deep pockets law.”
1989 – In Beijing, Chinese army troops stormed Tiananmen Square to crush the pro-democracy movement. It is believed that hundreds, possibly thousands, of demonstrators were killed.
1989 – Ali Khamenei was elected as the new Supreme Leader of Islamic republic of Iran by the Assembly of Experts after death of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
1989 – Poland holds the first free elections after World War II, The landslide victory of the Polish trade union, “Solidarity”, marked the beginning of the Autumn of Nations, a wave of revolutions resulting in the fall of communism.
1990 – Dr Jack Kevorkian assists an Oregon woman to commit suicide, beginning a national debate over the right to die
1991 – The United Kingdom’s Conservative government announces that some British regiments would disappear or be merged into others the largest armed forces cuts in almost twenty years.
1997 – UN Security renews its “oilforfood” initiative whereby Iraq may sell $2 billion worth of oil to buy food, medicine and other necessities to alleviate civilian suffering under the sanctions imposed when it invaded Kuwait in 1990
2001 – Gyanendra, the last King of Nepal, ascends to the throne after the massacre in the Royal Palace
2003 – The U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill that would ban “partial birth” abortions with a 282-139 vote.
2004 – Marvin Heemeyer uses a bulldozer equipped with homemade armor plating to partially level Granby, Colorado
2012 – Car bomb kills 26 and injures 190 people in central Baghdad, Iraq
2014 – 10 Nigerian generals and five other senior military officers are court-martialed for providing arms and information to jihadist terrorist group Boko Haram
2018 – Former US President Bill Clinton in interview with NBC says he hasn’t and doesn’t need to apologize to Monica Lewinsky
2018 – Jordanian Prime Minister Hani Mulki resigns amid huge protests against tax and price increases. King Abdullah appoints Omar Razzaz to replace him.
2018 – US President Donald Trump tweets “I have the absolute right to PARDON myself”
2019 – Deforestation of the Amazon forest in Brazil the fastest for a decade as 740 square kilometers cleared in 30 days according to Brazilian space research institute
2019 – Former US school security guard Scot Peterson arrested and charged with neglect of a child and culpable negligence for not confronting gunman during Parkland school massacre in a landmark case
2020 – State of Emergency declared after 20,000 tonnes of diesel oil spills near Russian city of Norilsk, Siberia within the Arctic Circle
2022 – WHO says Monkeypox now found in 27 countries where not already endemic – 780 in last three weeks. Accesses global risk as moderate.
REFERENCE: history.net, onthisday.com, thepeopleshistory.com, timeanddate.com, scopesys.com, on-this-day.com
